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This book contains the information on Turbo Code System and suggested modifications to enhance the performance of the system.Research in coding theory has seen many proposals aimed at the construction of powerful codes using block and convolutional codes. Recently, a new forward error control code (FEC) known as Turbo Code is introduced.
This new code combines simple component codes with iterative decoding process.Turbo code is adopted as FEC in 3rd Generation Wireless Communication System (UMTS). The name "Turbo" has been coined in analogy to the Turbo engine principle that brings the...

Over the years, rapid development in computer technology has engendered simulation-based laboratory(lab) in addition to the traditional real (physical) lab. Many higher education institutions adopt simulation lab, replacing some existing physical lab experiments. The creation of new systems for conducting engineering lab activities has raised concerns among educators on the merits and shortcomings of both physical and simulation laboratories. Many arguments have been raised on the differences of both labs. In this book, we discuss the current trends and key issues in engineering laboratories...