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Polypropylene is an attractive candidate material for packaging applications because of its low cost and good thermal stability. Commercial polypropylene films are typically oriented by a tentering process in which an extruded film is quenched, reheated, and biaxially drawn into a film. Orientation improves both the mechanical and gas-barrier properties of the films. To achieve appropriate knowledge of this product, a fundamental understanding of each portion of the BOPP, is required.

Nowadays, with the high oil price and the supply amount of oil will become less and less, the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) could be act as the other options to fulfill the energy demand in the world. With the rapid development of science technology and the national economy, the increase of the domestic natural gas production and the establishment of more gas pipelines; China and India will become a big player for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in the world. The natural gas will become the major fuel in the town gas market.

Plants can provide food, fuel, and building materials and also serve as an indispensable source of other specialty products such as flavors, perfumes, insecticides, and pharmaceuticals. Since Genetically Modified (GM) plants reached the markets during the mid-1990s, the world area of biotech crops has increased for thirteen consecutive years at an average growth rate of 12% in both developed and developing countries. The use of plants for medicinal purposes dates back thousands of years but genetic engineering of plants to produce desired biopharmaceuticals is much more recent. As the demand...

Industrial biotechnology and biobased chemicals manufacture underpin one of the largest industrial sectors. Using biological resources, such as plants, algae, fungi, marine life, and microorganisms, industrial biotechnology combined with the emerging science of synthetic biology, is revolutionizing manufacturing processes to deliver renewable and sustainable materials, biopharmaceuticals, chemicals, and energy. In particular, we will be looking at the key enabling technologies that underpin biotechnology research, including enzyme discovery and engineering, systems and synthetic biology, and...

Nowadays, there are a number of different ways of describing next generation bioprocessing, including continuous manufacturing and intensified processing. Next generation bioprocessing covers a variety of different techniques, from combining process steps, to moving from batch to perfusion bioreactors, to new cycling operations - but all are ultimately designed to deliver significant improvements in manufacturing costs, speed, efficiency of flexibility. As next generation processing is new for biopharma, a perfectly human response is to be wary. Risk assessment is a useful tool to identify,...