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The origins of relational theories can be found in the work of three 19th cen- tury mathematicians: Augustus de Morgan (1864, On the syllogism IV and on the logic of relations), Charles Sanders Peirce (1882, Brief description of the algebra of relatives) and Ernst Schroder (1895, Vorlesungen iiber die Al- gebra und Logik der Relative). The modern origins of the theory of relations are due to Alfred Tarski (14 January 1902, Warsaw -26 October 1983, Berke- ley). His paper' On the calculus of Relations' published in 1941 gave rise to an algebraic theory of relations which is still extensively...

In recent years there has been an increasing use of logical methods and significant new developments have been spawned in several areas of computer science, ranging from artificial intelligence and software engineering to agent-based systems and the semantic web. In the investigation and application of logical methods there is a tension between: * the need for a representational language strong enough to express domain knowledge of a particular application, and the need for a logical formalism general enough to unify several reasoning facilities relevant to the application, on the one hand,...

1. 1 Background The basis for the material in this book centers around research done in an ongoing long-term project which focuses on the development of highly au- 1 tonomousunmannedaerialvehiclesystems. Theactualplatformwhichserves as a case study for the research in this book will be described in detail later in this chapter. Before doing that, a brief background of the motivations - hind this research will be provided. One of the main research topics in the project is knowledge representation and reasoning and its use in Uav pl- forms. A very strong constraint has been placed on the nature...