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The 21st Century has experienced many natural disasters such as floods, tsunamis, landslides as a result of the looming effect of climate change. This calls for innovative ways through which we can model and manage natural systems e.g. rivers, streams, lakes. The advent of GIS and Earth Observation (EO) in recent times provide us with endless possibilities for modelling, forecasting and predicting phenomena of water bodies in time and space with reasonable accuracy. ILWIS Open is free and open source GIS/EO software that presents us with some of these possibilities but however lacks water...

The effective management of transboundary international rivers has become urgent in recent times as a result of rapid population growth, industrial expansion and negative fluxes from climate change impact. The Volta River Basin is drained by an international river shared among Ghana, Burkina Faso, Cote D Ivoire, Benin, Mali and Togo. There have been several attempts at reaching a laudable regional cooperation in this basin since the last decade. These efforts had been capacity building, empowerment of vulnerable communities and steps towards the establishment of the Volta Basin Authority....

As countries continue to advance and prosper, keen competition for water becomes the obvious challenge for people, industry, agriculture and the ecosystems. Water, centuries ago, has been considered as a gift from nature. This phenomenon has led to extreme pressure from water companies to achieve full cost recovery from operations and management. This is because users usually feel that they should not be charged any fee for using water from these utility companies. However, users usually forget of the production and transmission costs borne by the companies. Equitable provision and sharing of...