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Furca is the region of division of the tooth root. It is a bifurcation if there are two roots or a trifurcation if there are three roots. Since times immemorial a wealth of information has been gathered that has allowed clinicians to dramatically modify the evaluation and treatment of a tooth with periodontal destruction in the furcation region. Elimination of pockets and establishment of a functional topography permitting optimal plaque control often requires elaborate surgical techniques, because the destruction in this area proceeds not only in an apical direction along the root surfaces,...

Since its advent, the dental CAD/CAM system has evolved to completely revolutionise the way of practicing restorative dentistry. Dental CAD/CAM system is approaching 20 years of clinical experience and has a proven track record on all relevant aspects of clinical performance including fit, longevity, survival rates, sensitivity, strength and wear of the restorations. In the present scenario, it plays an important role in treatment planning, impression making as well as design and manufacturing of highly esthetic restorations. It holds a promising future and is likely to become an integral...

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of bacterial origin that results in the progressive destruction of the tissue that supports the teeth, specifically the gingiva, periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone. Evaluation of the clinical features of periodontal disease is critically important in obtaining essential information that can be used to detect the presence, determine the type and assess the severity of the disease. At the present time, the diagnosis of periodontal diseases is almost entirely based on traditional clinical assessments. Information collected during a periodontal...