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This book presents an overview of online arbitration and electronic contracting worldwide, examining their national and international contexts, and assessing their ongoing relevance. It offers solutions to the salient challenges facing both online arbitration and electronic contracting, dealing first-hand with online arbitration as an online dispute resolution technique for solving both traditional and electronic commerce disputes that may arise out of the breach of contractual obligations in international commercial contracts, while also comparing between common law and civil law...

For technological development, and to meet new demands of tomorrow's society, there is a constant need for new materials with new or improved properties. Recently, the perovskite-like rare-earth manganese compounds have been an intensive topic in scientific studies and potential technological application because of their charge and orbital ordering, magnetic phase transitions, colossal magnetoresistance CMR effect as well as magnetocaloric effect MCE. Potential applications of the CMR effect in mixed-valence manganites include magnetic sensors; magnetoresistive read heads; and...