Preface vii1 Basic Properties 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Properties of Amino Acids 21.3 The Peptide Bond 221.4 Secondary Structures 241.5 Peptide Structure and Conformation Characterization Methods 321.6 Peptide Databases and Web Software 39Bibliography 432 Synthesis 452.1 Introduction 452.2 Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis 462.3 Solution-Phase Peptide Synthesis 582.4 Methods to Prepare Longer Peptides 592.5 Peptide Library Synthesis 622.6 Synthesis of Cyclic Peptides 652.7 Peptidomimetics 692.8 Post-Translational Modifications 702.9 Lipidation 712.10 Glycosylation 732.11 Polypeptide Polymers and Conjugates of Peptides and Polymers 742.12 Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthesis 802.13 Purification and Analysis Methods 80Bibliography 843 Amyloid and Other Peptide Aggregate Structures 873.1 Introduction 873.2 Amyloid 903.3 Amyloid ß 933.4 Mechanisms and Kinetics of Amyloid Aggregation 1003.5 Toxicity and Relevance to Disease 1053.6 Fibrillization of Small Peptides 1083.7 Biological Functional Amyloid and Bioengineering Applications of Amyloid Materials 1103.8 Fibrils From alpha-Helices 1113.9 Peptide Hydrogels and Tissue Scaffolds 1123.10 Peptide Nanotubes 1163.11 Peptide and Peptide Conjugate Assemblies 1193.12 Characterization Methods for Peptide Assemblies 124Bibliography 1304 Antimicrobial and Cell-penetrating Peptides 1334.1 Introduction 1334.2 Bacterial Pathogens, Targets of Antibacterial Agents, and Antimicrobial Resistance Pathways 1344.3 Testing Antimicrobial Activity 1394.4 Bacterial Biofilms 1404.5 Design of Antimicrobial Peptides 1444.6 Classes of Antibacterial Peptides 1464.7 Antifungal Peptides 1554.8 Antiviral Peptides 1594.9 Antiparasitic Peptides 1604.10 Mechanisms of Activity 1604.11 Cell-Penetrating Peptides 164Bibliography 1675 Peptide Hormones and Peptide Therapeutics 1695.1 Introduction 1695.2 General Principles of Peptide Therapeutics 1705.3 Peptide Hormones 1765.4 Neuropeptides and other Peptides In vivo 2025.5 Venom-Derived Peptides 2045.6 Anticancer Peptides 2075.7 Miscellaneous Peptide Therapeutics 2125.8 Cosmetic Peptides and Lipopeptides 214Bibliography 216Index 219
IAN W. HAMLEY, PHD, is Diamond Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Reading, UK, where he has been working for the past fifteen years on peptide systems, and has published several books and more than 400 papers, including several key reviews on topics including amyloid, peptide nanotubes, polymer-peptide conjugates, short bioactive peptides, and peptide hormones.