Guidelines for Process Safety During the Transient Operating Mode: Managing Risks During Process Start-Ups and Shut-Downs

ISBN-13: 9781119529156 / Angielski / Twarda / 2021 / 288 str.

Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS)

Spis treści

List of Figures x iiiList of Tables xvAcronyms and Abbreviations x viiGlossary xixAcknowledgments xxvDedication x xviiForeword xxixPreface x xxiii1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Scope 11.3 Audience 51.4 Benefits 61.5 Applying CCPS Risk Based Process Safety (RBPS) 61.6 Incident discussions and guidance 71.7 Framework 82 Defining the Transition Times 162.1 Introduction 162.2 Defining the modes of operation 162.3 Responses to deviations during operations 172.4 A start-up incident 23Part I--Normal Operations3 Normal Operations 293.1 Introduction 293.2 The normal operation 293.3 Procedures 373.4 Performing a normal shut-down 393.5 Start-up after a normal shut-down 403.6 Incidents and lessons learned 413.7 How the RBPS elements apply 434 Process Shutdowns 454.1 Introduction 454.2 The process shutdown 464.3 Projects requiring equipment or process unit shutdowns 484.4 A brief project life cycle phase overview 524.5 Preparing for planned project-related shutdowns 624.6 Start-up after planned project-related shutdowns 664.7 Incidents and lessons learned 694.8 How the RBPS elements apply 725 Facility Shutdowns 735.1 Introduction 735.2 The facility shutdown 735.3 Projects requiring a process unit or facility project-related shutdown 755.4 Preparing for a facility project-related shutdown 805.5 Start-up after a facility project-related shutdown 815.6 Incidents and lessons learned 835.7 How the RBPS elements apply 95Part II--Abnormal and Emergency Operations6 Recovery 996.1 Introduction 996.2 Recovering from an abnormal operation 996.3 Anticipating abnormal operations 1006.4 Managing abnormal operations 1036.5 Incidents and lessons learned 1106.6 How the RBPS elements apply 1137 Unscheduled Shutdowns 1157.1 Introduction 1157.2 Unscheduled shutdowns 1157.3 Anticipating and preparing for unscheduled shutdowns 1167.4 Start-up after activating an unscheduled shut-down 1197.5 Managing unscheduled shutdowns caused by natural hazard events 1217.6 Incidents and lessons learned 1267.7 How the RBPS elements apply 1398 Emergency Shutdowns 1418.1 Introduction 1418.2 Emergency shutdowns 1418.3 Safely responding to an incident 1428.4 Anticipating and preparing for shut-downs in an emergency 1438.5 Start-up after an emergency shutdown 1508.6 Incidents and lessons learned 1538.7 How the RBPS elements apply 156Part III--Other Considerations9 Other Transition Time Considerations 1599.1 Introduction 1599.2 A Life Cycle overview 1609.3 Commissioning and initial start-up considerations 1679.4 Incidents and lessons learned, commissioning and initial start-ups 1749.5 End-of-life shut-down considerations 1799.6 Mothballing considerations 1829.7 Incidents and lessons learned, mothballing 1839.8 Decommissioning considerations 1849.9 Incidents and lessons learned, decommissioning 1859.10 How the RBPS elements apply 18610 Risk Based Process Safety (RBPS) Considerations 18710.1 Introduction 18710.2 An RBPS Overview 18910.3 Applying RBPS to each transient operating mode 19410.4 Effects of weak operational discipline 20410.5 Approach for improving process safety performance 205Appendix A 209Transient operating modes: incident review and guidance 209A.1 Introduction 209A.2 Review of incidents during transient operating modes 209A.3 Managing the unexpected during transient operating modes 223References 237Index 250

O autorze

The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) was founded in 1985 to develop technology and management practices that mitigate or eliminate process safety incidents in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Since that time, CCPS has published more than 100 books and held dozens of international conferences, each representing the most advanced thinking in process safety. CCPS is supported by the contributions and voluntary participation of more than 200 companies globally. CCPS is also the world's largest provider of undergraduate engineering curriculum materials through its SAChE program, with more than 160 universities participating from around the world.