Assay of Calcium-Regulating Hormones

ISBN-13: 9781461255550 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 271 str.

D. D. Bikle

Opis

The ability to measure accurately the hormones regulating calcium homeosta sis is the fundamental first step toward understanding the roles these hormones play in health and disease. Techniques for such measurements have only been available for the past 10 years or so and remain in a state of rapid development. Sensitive parathyroid hormone (PTH) radioimmunoassays appeared in the early 1970s, and with them came a whole new appreciation for the prevalence and implications of hyperparathyroidism, primary or secondary, in the popu lation. The calcitonin (CT) radioimmunoassay came later and achieved rapid success in the. diagnosis of a previously poorly understood cancer, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, frequently associated with the familial multiple endo crine neoplasia type 2 syndromes (a and b). As the sensitivity of the calcitonin radioimmunoassay has improved, our understanding of the role of calcitonin in normal physiological processes has increased. The knowledge that vitamin D must be metabolized to produce its biologic effects is only 15 years old. This has had profound implications in our understanding of a variety of metabolic bone, kidney, and gastrointestinal diseases. Assays to measure the major cir culating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, were described 10 years ago. Assays for the other metabolites, in particular, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, were described even more recently. As of today, we know of many vitamin D metabolites and have developed the techniques to measure most of them; how ever, many questions remain concerning their physiological role."

Spis treści

1 Hormonal Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis.- 2 Resolution and Quantitation of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Metabolites.- 3 Survey of Competition Assays for the Vitamin D Metabolites.- 4 Microassay for 25-Hydroxyvitamin D: Method and Interpretation.- 5 A Method for Assay of Serum or Plasma Concentrations of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D.- 6 Assay for Multiple Vitamin D Metabolites.- 7 Radioimmunoassay of the Vitamin D Metabolites.- 8 The Cytoreceptor Assay for 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D.- 9 General Principles, Problems, and Interpretation in the Radioimmunoassay of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone.- 10 General Techniques for Raising Antisera Against Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin.- 11 Preparing the Tracer: Iodination Techniques.- 12 Radioimmunoassay Procedure for Parathyroid Hormone.- 13 Radioimmunoassay for Calcitonin.- 14 Adenylate Cyclase Bioassay for Parathyroid Hormone.- 15 The Cytochemical Bioassay for Parathyroid Hormone.