Toxicology of Glutathione Transferases

ISBN-13: 9780849329838 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 375 str.

Yogesh C. Awasthi

Opis

Since the discovery of Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) or Glutathione transferase, studies have probed important questions about its pharmacological and physiological significance. Toxicology of Glutathione Transferases is the only text that details the methods used in GST research. With chapters written by experts who have been involved in all areas of GST research and have actively contributed to the progress of this field, the book describes the role of GSTs in toxicology, focusing on their pharmacologic and physiologic roles and their relevance to biological toxicology. The book provides current information on gene families, structure and regulation of gene expression, reaction mechanisms and substrates, three-dimensional structures of GSTs, design of proteins with GST activity, and various approaches to developing inhibitors that overcome drug resistance. It also covers the physiological significance and the mechanisms of activation of microsomal GSTs. These topics, along with the role of GSTs in detoxification of chemical carcinogens and possible implications of GST polymorphism in human health and disease, make the volume useful to researchers in the field of pharmacology and toxicology. Chapters cover the possible and exciting role of GSTs in defense mechanisms against chronic oxidative stress-linked disorders such as atherosclerosis and the newly emerging area of GST-mediated modulation of stress-signaling through its catalytic as well as binding activities. They explore an intriguing hypothesis that strongly suggests an important role of the factors that modulate the GSH-electrophile conjugate (GS-E) homeostasis in the regulation of cellular processes. Chapters on known and potential endogenous electrophilic substrates and a major role of GSTs in suppressing stress-induced lipid peroxidation reinforce this newly emerging role of GSTs. These are just a few of the features that make the book helpful to clinicians involved in basic as well as translational research, particularly those studying oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases.

Spis treści

Preface.Ligandin and Glutathione S-Transferases; Historical Milestones. Families of Glutathione Transferases.Mammalian Glutathione S-Transferase Genes: Structure and Regulation. Combinatorial Protein Chemistry In Three Dimensions: A Paradigm For The Evolution Of Glutathione Transferases With Novel Activities. Substrates and Reaction Mechanisms of GSTs. Specificity of Glutathione S-Transferases in the Glutathione Conjugation of Carcinogenic Diol Epoxides. GST Polymorphism: Where To Now? Clinical Applications and Functional Analysis. Glutathione and Glutathione S-Transferases as Targets for Anticancer Drug Development.Physiological Substrates of Glutathione S-Transferases. Glutathione S-transferases as modulators of signal transduction. Glutathione-conjugate transport and Stress-Response Signaling: Role of RLIP76. Glutathione-S-Transferases and Oxidative Injury of Cardiovascular Tissues. Mitochondrial Glutathione S-Transferase Pool in Health and Disease. Activation of Microsomal Glutathione Transferase ¹ in Toxicology. Glutathione S-transferase Isozyme Composition of Human Tissues. Enzymology of glutathione S-transferases: Laboratory Methods.

O autorze

Yogesh C. Awasthi