The Satellite Cells of the Sensory Ganglia

ISBN-13: 9783540102199 / Angielski / Miękka / 1981 / 114 str.

Ennio Pannese

Opis

The earliest mention of a cell sheath enveloping the body of the neurons in sensory ganglia is probably the following description by Valentin: "Sowohl die Kugeln der Be- legungsformation 1 , als die Primitivfasem, werden von eigenthi. imlichen, sie isolirenden Scheiden umgeben, welche aile Stufen der Dicke von einer fast gar nicht mehr wahr- nehrnbaren Zartheit bis zu einer ziemlich bedeutenden Starke durchlaufen. Diese Hill- len sind aber immer zellgewebeartiger Natur" (1836, p 162). In some illustrations of the above mentioned paper the nuclei of the satellite cells adjacent to the surface of the nerve cell body, both in the trigeminal ganglion and in the ganglia of the vegeta- tive nervous system, are clearly shown (Fig. lA). The author, however, miSinterpreted these nuclei as pigment granules (Pigmentkorperchen). A little later, Remak (1838) denied the existence of the perineuronal cell sheath. This prompted a ready reply from Valentin (1839), who offered a more detailed description of the perineuronal cell sheath, illustrated it with new drawings (Fig. IB), and gave a correct interpreta- tion of the nuclei. In fact, he wrote: Fig. lA-B. Nerve cell bodies of sympathetic ganglia with the nuclei of the satellite cells on the neuronal surface. Redrawn from Valentin; A, 1836; B, 1839.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 General Characteristics of the Satellite Cell Sheath in the Adult Animal.- 3 Shape of Satellite Cells.- 4 Structure of Satellite Cells.- 4.1 Plasma Membrane.- 4.2 Nucleus.- 4.3 Cytoplasmic Organelles.- 4.4 Cytoplasmic Lacunae.- 4.5 Cell Inclusions.- 5 Relationships Between Satellite Cells.- 6 Perikaryal Myelin Sheaths.- 7 Neuron-Satellite Cell Boundary.- 8 Boundary Between the Satellite Cell Sheath and the Connective Tissue Space.- 9 Quantitative Relationships Between Nerve and Satellite Cells in the Adult.- 10 Origin and Development of Satellite Cells.- 10.1 Origin.- 10.2 Development.- 10.3 Neuron-Satellite Cell Boundary.- 10.4 Boundary Between the Satellite Cell Sheath and the Connective Tissue Space.- 10.5 Quantitative Relationships Between Nerve and Satellite Cells.- 11 Chemical and Cytochemical Aspects of Satellite Cells.- 12 Mitotic Activity of Satellite Cells in Adult Animals.- 13 Phagocytic Activity of Satellite Cells.- 14 Functional Properties of Satellite Cells.- 15 Satellite Cells in Tissue Cultures.- 16 Reaction of Satellite Cells to Experimental Conditions.- 16.1 Chemical Agents.- 16.2 Radiation.- 16.3 Axonal Injury.- 16.4 Other Experimental Conditions.- 16.5 Conclusions.- 17 Reaction of Satellite Cells to Pathologic Conditions.- 17.1 Viral Infections.- 17.2 Hereditary Neuropathies.- 17.3 Other Pathologic Conditions.- 17.4 Reaction of Satellite Cells to Neuronal Degeneration.- 18 Roles of Satellite Cells in Sensory Ganglia.- 18.1 Mechanical Support for Ganglionic Neurons.- 18.2 Control of the Traffic of Materials to and from the Ganglionic Neuron.- 18.3 Control of the Levels of Neuroactive Amino Acids.- 18.4 “Trophic” Role Toward the Ganglionic Neurons.- 18.5 Regulation of Ion Concentration in the Micro-environment of Ganglionic Neurons.- 18.6 Influence of the Conduction Velocity in Bipolar Sensory Neurons.- 18.7 Production of the Basal Lamina and Collagen Fibrils.- 19 Comparison of Satellite Cells of Sensory Ganglia and Neuroglial Cells in the Central Nervous System.- 20 Similarities Between the Satellite Cells of Sensory and Autonomic Ganglia and Schwann Cells.- 21 Concluding Remarks.- 22 Summary.- References.