The Off-Shore Petroleum Resources of South-East Asia: Potential Conflict Situations and Related Economic Considerations

ISBN-13: 9780195804881 / Angielski / Miękka / 1978 / 225 str.

Corazon Morales Siddayao

Opis

l INTEREST in the off-shore petroleum resources of South-East Asia was manifested in the 1960s when development in off-shore technol ogy allowed oil companies to search beyond prospective land areas. The dramatic increases in oil prices in the early 1970s but more particularly the events of 1973 and 1974, when world oil prices were quadrupled by the oil exporting nations and major supply cutbacks were experienced by certain developed nations, further heightened this interest. Cost/price relationships had not only improved and made off-shore oil in hitherto less attractive areas commercially prospective; nations that were net importers and whose international exchange reserves were strained by the high import costs of foreign oil also found it prudent to begin looking for indigenous resources and to encourage such search. The search for and discovery of petroleum in South-East Asia on the scale in which it has been conducted in the last ten years was new to the region. It was natural, therefore, for students of South-East Asia to raise questions about its progress, questions concerning in ternational relations, social impacts, and economic policy im plications. The purpose of this study is to try and answer the question: 'What are the potentials for conflicts or cooperation among nations arising from the search for petroleum resources in the seabeds of South-East Asia?' The problem of conflicts or cooperation among nations is a topic that has many facets and may involve a multitude of issues, for example, legal, economic, technical, security, social, etc."

Spis treści

One: The Demand-Supply Situation.- I. The Value of Petroleum to South-East Asian Economies.- The Relation between Energy and Economic Growth.- Energy and Petroleum Consumption in South-East Asia.- Oil as a Revenue Earner.- Urgency for Developing Indigenous Resources.- II. The Off-Shore Petroleum Resource Potential of South-East Asia.- Off-shore Resource Estimates.- Factors Enhancing South-East Asia’s Petroleum Prospects.- Off-shore Production.- Two: Potential Areas of Conflict.- III. Potential Sources of Conflict and the Law of the Sea Issues.- Jurisdictional Issues in the Law of the Sea Affecting Off-shore Petroleum Resources.- The Territorial Sea Issue.- Jurisdictional Issues over Resources.- IV. Actual Territorial Disputes over Potential Off-Shore Petroleum Fields.- Controversial Claims in the Gulf of Thailand.- Oil-related Area Claims in the South China Sea.- Off-shore Oil Discoveries in Sabah and the Malaysia-Philippines Controversy.- V. Potential Conflict Situations Arising from Geological Settings and Environmental Phenomena.- Geology-Related Potentials for Conflict.- Commonality of Water Resources and the Conservation/ Pollution Problem.- Three: Economic and Policy Implications.- VI. Some Economic Factors Bearing on the Resolution of Conflicts over Oil Resources.- The Economics of Petroleum Resource Development.- Some Economic Impacts of Petroleum Resource Development.- Some Environmental Impacts of Off-shore Petroleum Development.- Economic Welfare Implications of Conflict Situations.- Benefit/Cost Analysis in Government Decision-making Relative to Off-shore Petroleum Resources.- Social Opportunity Costs of Disputes.- VII. Conclusions and Policy Implications.- Appendixes.- A U.S. Geological Survey Description of Coastal Categories.- B Proposed Legal Definitions in the Third Law of the Sea Conference.- C Mathematical Explanation of Welfare Maximization in the Utilization of a Society’s Petroleum Resources.