The Experimental Determination of Solubilities

ISBN-13: 9780471497080 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 660 str.

G. T. Hefter; R. P. T. Tomkins

Opis

The most useful experimental methods for all types of solubility measurements The importance of solubility phenomena has been long recognized throughout science. For example, in medicine, the solubility of gases in liquids forms the basis of life itself; in the environment, solubility phenomena influence the weathering of rocks, the creation of soils, the composition of natural water bodies and the behaviour and fate of many chemicals. However, until now, no systematic critical presentation of the methods for obtaining solubilities has been given. Divided into five sections the author has concentrated on the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic background necessary for a full understanding of solubility phenomena. The major types of solubility determinations according to the physical state of the solute: gases, liquids and solids; whilst the final section deals with those technologically important areas whose traditions are sufficiently different to justify their separate presentation.

• Each chapter aims to be comprehensive but not encyclopaedic, with coverage of the reliable methods in the particular area;
• Illustrations have been included to enable the novice investigator quickly develop apparatus of their own
• Where appropriate, contributors have included sets of data to enable workers to properly assess the quality of their apparatus, technique and data

Recenzje

"...a must for any serious library...the value of this volume and this series extends far beyond chemistry..." (Applied Organometallic Chemistry, Vol 19 (10), October 2005)

Spis treści

List of Contributors.

Series Preface.

Preface.

Acknowledgements.

List of Symbols.

Quantities, Units and Conversions. (John W. Lorimer).

1. FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLUBILITY.

Chapter 1.1: Thermodynamics of Solubility. (John W. Lorimer and Roger Cohen–Adad).

Chapter 1.2: Kinetics and Mechanisms of Crystal Growth and Dissolution. (Jørgen Christoffersen and Margaret R. Christoffersen).

2. GASES.

Chapter 2.1: Solubility of Gases in Liquids. (Lawrence Clever and Rubin Battino).

Chapter 2.2: Solubility of Gases in Polymers. (Yuri Yampolski and Russell Paterson).

Chapter 2.3: Solubility of Gases in Molten Salts and Molten Metals. (Reginald P. T. Tomkins).

Chapter 2.4: Solubility of Gases in Solid Metals. (Y. Sakamoto and Fred A. Lewis).

3. LIQUIDS.

Chapter 3.1: Liquid–Liquid Solubilities. (Glenn T. Hefter).

4. SOLIDS.

Chapter 4.1: Solubility of Solids in Liquids. (Roger Cohen–Adad and Marie–Thérèse Cohen Adad).

Chapter 4.2: Solubility of Sparingly Soluble Ionic Solids in Liquids. (Heinz Gamsjäger and Erich Königsberger).

Chapter 4.3: Solubility of Salt–Water Systems at High Temperatures and Pressures. (Vladimir M. Valyashko and B.R. Churagulov).

Chapter 4.4: Solubility of Metals and Non–metallic Substances in Liquid Metals. (Cezary Guminski and Hans U. Borgstedt).

Chapter 4.5: Solubility of Solids in Solids. (James Sangster).

5. SPECIAL SYSTEMS.

Chapter 5.1: Solubility of Solids and Liquids in Supercritical Fluids. (Karel Aim and Maurizio Fermeglia).

Chapter 5.2: Solubility of Solids and Liquids in Cryogenic Liquids. (Elzbieta Szczepaniec–Cieciak).

Chapter 5.3: Solubility of Polymers in Liquids. (Sonja Krause).

Index.

Blurb

This book covers the most useful experimental methods for all types of solubility measurements. The importance of solubility phenomena has been long recognized throughout science. For example, in medicine, the solubility of gases in liquids forms the basis of life itself; in the environment, solubility phenomena influence the weathering of rocks, the creation of soils, the composition of natural water bodies and the behaviour and fate of many chemicals. However, until now, no systematic critical presentation of the methods for obtaining solubilities has been given.

The book is divided into five sections: the first addresses the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic background necessary for a full understanding of solubility phenomena. The next three sections cover the major types of solubility determinations according to the physical state of the solute: gases, liquids and solids; whilst the final section deals with those technologically important areas whose traditions are sufficiently different to justify their separate presentation.

Each chapter aims to be comprehensive but not encyclopaedic, with coverage of the reliable methods in the particular area. Illustrations have been included to enable the novice investigator quickly develop apparatus of their own. Where appropriate, contributors have included sets of data to enable workers to properly assess the quality of their apparatus, technique and data.