The Chemistry of Weathering

ISBN-13: 9789027719621 / Angielski / Twarda / 1985 / 324 str.

J. I. Drever; James I. Drever

Opis

Several important developments in our understanding of the chemistry of weathering have occurred in the last few years: 1. There has been a major breakthrough in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the kinetics of sil icate dissolution, and there have been major advances in computer modeling of weathering processes. 2. There has been a growing recognition of the importance of organic solutes in the weathering process, and hence of the inter-relationships between mineral weathering and the terrestrial ecosystem. 3. The impact of acid deposition ("acid rain") has been widely recognized. The processes by which acid deposition is neutral ized are closely related to the processes of normal chemical weathering; an understanding of the chemistry of weathering is thus essential for predicting the effects of acid deposition. 4. More high-qual ity data have become available on the chemical dynamics of smal I watersheds and large river systems, which represent the integrated effects of chemical weathering.

Spis treści

Preface.- Chemical Models of Weathering in Soils.- Multicomponent Solid Solutions for Clay Minerals and Computer Modeling of Weathering Processes.- Dissolution Mechanisms of Pyroxenes and Olivines During Weathering.- The Effects of Complex-Forming Ligands on The Dissolution of Oxides and Aluminosilicates.- Kinetic Study of The Dissolution of Albite With a Continuous Flow-Through Fluidized Bed Reactor.- Interstratified Clay Minerals and Weathering Processes.- Formation of Secondary Iron Oxides in Various Environments.- Physical Conditions in Alunite Precipitation as a Secondary Mineral.- This Planet is Alive—Weathering and Biology, A Multi-Facetted Problem.- Solubilization, Transport, and Deposition of Mineral Cations by Microorganisms - Efficient Rock Weathering Agents.- Chemical Weathering and Solution Chemistry in Acid Forest Soils: Differential Influence of Soil Type, Biotic Processes, and H+ Deposition.- Proton Consumption Rates in Holocene and Present-Day Weathering of Acid Forest Soils.- Equilibrium and Disequilibrium Between Pore Waters and Minerals in the Weathering Environment.- Hydrogeochemical Constraints on Mass Balances in Forested Watersheds of the Southern Appalachians.- Past and Present Serpentinisation of Ultramafic Rocks; An Example from the Semail Ophiolite Nappe of Northern Oman.- Manganese Concentration Through Chemical Weathering of Metamorphic Rocks Under Lateritic Conditions.- River Chemistry, Geology, Geomorphology, and Soils in the Amazon and Orinoco Basins.- List of Workshop Participants.