The Changing Governance of the Sciences: The Advent of Research Evaluation Systems

ISBN-13: 9781402067457 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 166 str.

Richard Whitley; Jochen Gl?ser

Opis

This book arose from a conversation between Lars Engwall and Richard Whitley during the 2003 European Group for Organization Studies Colloquium in Copenhagen about important topics for future research. We agreed then, and this has been amply confirmed by subsequent events, that the proliferation of research eval- tion schemes, especially in Europe, was an important feature of the changing re- tionships between the state, universities and scientific research more generally, which needed systematic and comparative analysis. With the support of the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, this discussion led to workshops in Uppsala and Manchester involving colleagues from Australia, Germany and the Netherlands at which the main framework for such an analysis was developed. This framework then formed the basis for the conference at Bielefeld in 2005 at which earlier versions of most of the papers in this volume were presented and extensively discussed. We are very grateful for the support of the PRIME network of the European Commission and the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science for this c- ference, as well as the invaluable efforts of Peter Weingart of the University of Bielefeld. We are also greatly indebted to the members of the Editorial Board who commented on various drafts of these papers as well as to Aant Elzinga, Stefan Kuhlmann, Philippe Laredo, Arie Rip and Nic Vonortas who acted as referees.

Spis treści

Preface Introduction Changing Governance of the Public Sciences: The consequences of establishing diverse research evaluation systems - Richard Whitley Universities as Strategic Actors: State delegation and changing patterns of evaluation The Visible Hand versus the Invisible Hand: The Allocation of Research Resources in Swedish Universities - Lars Engwall and Thorsten Nybom Prospective and Retrospective Evaluation Systems in Context: Insights from Japan - Robert Kneller Elite through Rankings – The Emergence of the Enterprising University - Peter Weingart and Sabine Maasen The Social Construction of Bibliometric Evaluations - Jochen Gläser and Grit Laudel Weak and Strong Research Evaluation Systems Evaluation without evaluators: The impact of funding formulae on Australian university research - Jochen Gläser and Grit Laudel The Basic State of Research in Germany: Conditions of Knowledge Production Pre-Evaluation - Stefan Lange Research Evaluation as Organisational Development – the Work of the Academic Advisory Council in Lower Saxony- Christof Schiene and Uwe Schimank Interfering Governance and Emerging Centres of Control: University research evaluation in the Netherlands - Barend van der Meulen Research Evaluation in Transition: Individual versus organisational assessment in Spain - Laura Cruz-Castro and Luis Sanz-Menendez Death by Peer Review? The impact of results-oriented management in U.S. research - Susan Cozzens Concluding Reflections The Social Orders of Research Evaluation Systems - Jochen Gläser Author Index List of Authors & Affiliations

Blurb

The establishment of national systems of retrospective research evaluations is one of the most significant of recent changes in the governance of science. In many countries, state attempts to manage public science systems and improve their quality have triggered the institutionalisation of such systems, which vary greatly in their methods of assessing research performance, and consequences for universities. The contributions to this volume discuss, inter alia, the birth and development of research evaluation systems as well as the reasons for their absence in the United States, the responses by universities and academics to these new governance regimes, and their consequences for the production of scientific knowledge. By integrating new theoretical approaches with country studies and studies of general phenomena such as university rankings and bibliometric evaluations, the book shows how these novel state steering mechanisms are changing the organisation of scientific knowledge production and universities in different countries.

In combining latest research and an overview of trends in the changing governance of research, the book is essential not only for scholars engaged in higher education research, science policy studies, and the sociology of science but also for policy makers and analysts from science policy and higher education policy as well as university managers and senior scientists.