Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Foods

ISBN-13: 9781560222743 / Angielski / Miękka / 2004 / 317 str.

Farid E. Ahmed

Opis

A study of the screening methods and tools utilized for determining the presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food products. Experts in science, medicine and government agencies examine the significant research and clinical developments in bioengineered agriculture.

Spis treści

• About the Editor
  
• Contributors
  
• Preface
  
• Chapter 1. Risk and Benefits of Agricultural Biotechnology
  
• The Development of Biotechnology
  
• Beginning of the Controversy About Biotechnology
  
• Risk and Benefit Analysis
  
• The Present Scope of Agricultural Biotechnology Products
  
• Regulations on Growing Biotechnology Crops
  
• Grower Adoption of Biotechnology Crops
  
• Economics of Using Current Biotechnology Crops
  
• The Concept of Substantial Equivalence and Its Impact on Product Liability and International Trade
  
• Food Safety Issues of Biotechnology Products
  
• Framework for Evaluating Environmental Effects of Current Biotechnology Crops
  
• Gene Flow in Transgenic Crops
  
• Gene Containment Strategies for Biotechnology Crops
  
• Economic Consequences of Gene Flow from Biotechnology Crops
  
• Effects of Biotechnology Crops on Nontarget Organisms
  
• Environmental Consequences of Two Novel GM Organisms
  
• Pesticide-Use Patterns
  
• Resistance Management to Herbicide-Resistant and Insect-Resistant Plants
  
• Agricultural Biotechnology in a Changing World
  
• Chapter 2. Sampling for the Detection of Biotech Grains: A USDA Perspective
  
• Introduction
  
• Introduction to Sampling Theory
  
• Conclusions
  
• Chapter 3. Sampling for GMO Analysis: The European Perspective
  
• Introduction
  
• The Concept of Sampling and Currently Adopted Sampling Protocols
  
• Limitations of the Currently Adopted Sampling Protocols
  
• Sampling for GMO Detection/Quantification: Recommendations
  
• Concluding Remarks
  
• Chapter 4. Reference Materials and Standards
  
• Introduction
  
• Matrix-Based GMO CRMs
  
• Pure Genomic DNA GMO CRMs
  
• Pure Plasmid DNA GMO CRMs
  
• Pure Protein GMO CRMs
  
• Discussion
  
• Chapter 5. Protein-Based Methods: Elucidation of the Principles
  
• Introduction
  
• Problems Associated with Developing Immunoassays for Food Proteins and Suggested Remedies
  
• Western Blotting
  
• Immunoassays
  
• Conclusions
  
• Chapter 6. Protein-Based Methods: Case Studies
  
• Introduction
  
• Foods: Processed and Finished
  
• Grain and Seed
  
• Discussion
  
• Chapter 7. DNA-Based Methods for Detection and Quantification of GMOs: Principles and Standards
  
• Introduction
  
• The Polymerase Chain Reaction
  
• The Future of GMO Testing
  
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
  
• DNA Microarrays
  
• Biosensors
  
• Chapter 8. DNA-Based Methods for GMO Detection: Historical Developments and Future Prospects
  
• Southern Hybridization/Slot or Dot Blotting Techniques
  
• Polymerase Chain Reaction Applications
  
• Gene Expression and Microarray Technology
  
• DNA-Based Biosensors
  
• Conclusions
  
• Chapter 9. Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Methods
  
• Introduction: The Limitations of Applying Current GMO Screening Methods
  
• Introduction to Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
  
• Roundup Ready Soybean Detection Case Study
  
• Quality Assurance Issues
  
• Future Considerations
  
• Chapter 10. Other Methods for GMO Detection and Overall Assessment of the Risks
  
• Metabolic Profiling
  
• Proteomics
  
• Gene Fluorescent Proteins As a Marker in Transgenic Plants
  
• Concerns About Gene Flow, Liabilities, Regulatory Climates, and Intellectual Property Rights
  
• Assessment of Safety Issues
  
• Conclusions
  
• Index
  
• Reference Notes Included

O autorze

Farid Ahmed