Semiconductor Solar Photocatalysts: Fundamentals and Applications

ISBN-13: 9783527349593 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022 / 512 str.

Jiaguo Yu; Xin Li; Jingxiang Low

Spis treści

Chapter 1: The fundamentals of solar energy photocatalysis1.1 Background1.2 History of solar energy photocatalysis1.3 Fundamental principles of solar energy photocatalysis1.3.1 Basic mechanisms for solar energy photocatalysis1.3.2 Thermodynamic requirements for solar energy photocatalysis1.3.3 Dynamics requirements for solar energy photocatalysis1.4 Design, development and modification of semiconductor photocatalysts1.4.1 Design principles of semiconductor photocatalysts1.4.2 Classification of semiconductor photocatalysts1.4.3 Modification strategies of semiconductor photocatalysts1.4.4 Development approaches of novel semiconductor photocatalysts1.5 Processes and evaluation of solar energy photocatalysis1.5.1 Processes of solar energy photocatalysis1.5.1.1 photocatalytic water splitting1.5.1.2 photocatalytic CO2 reduction1.5.1.3 photocatalytic degradation1.5.2 Evaluation of solar energy photocatalysis1.6 The scope of this bookChapter 2: Heterojunction systems for photocatalysis2.1 Introduction2.2 Classification of heterojunction photocatalysts2.2.1 Type-II heterojunction photocatalysts2.2.2 p-n junction photocatalysts2.2.3 Surface junction photocatalysts2.2.4 Direct Z-scheme photocatalysts2.2.5 S-scheme photocatalysts2.3 Evaluation of the heterojunction photocatalysts2.3.1 Band structure2.3.1.1 Light absorption ability2.3.1.2 Reduction and oxidation ability2.3.1.3 Identification of major charge carriers2.3.2 Charge carrier separation efficiency2.3.2.1 Electrochemical test2.3.2.2 Optical spectroscopy2.3.3 Charge carrier migration mechanism2.3.3.1 Metal loading2.3.3.2 Reactive oxygen species trapping2.3.3.3 In situ irradiated XPS2.4 Applications2.4.1 Photocatalytic water splitting2.4.2 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction2.4.3 Photocatalytic N2 fixation2.4.4 Photocatalytic environmental remediation2.4.5 Photocatalytic disinfection2.5 Summary and Future PerspectiveChapter 3: Graphene-based photocatalysts3.1 Introduction3.2 Graphene and its derivatives3.2.1 Graphene oxide3.2.2 Reduced graphene oxide3.2.3 Graphene quantum dot3.3 General preparation techniques of graphene in photocatalysis3.3.1 Chemical exfoliation3.3.2 Chemical vapor deposition3.4 General advantages of graphene3.4.1 Conductor behavior3.4.2 Photothermal effect3.4.3 Large specific surface area3.4.4 Enhancing photostability3.4.5 Improving nanoparticle dispersion3.5 Characterization methods3.5.1 Transmission electron microscopy3.5.2 Atomic force microscopy3.5.3 Raman spectroscopy3.5.4 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy3.6 Recent development in graphene-based photocatalysts3.6.1 Metal oxide3.6.2 Metal sulfide3.6.3 Non-metal semiconductor3.6.4 Metal-organic framework3.7 Summary and concluding remarksChapter 4: Metal sulfide semiconductor photocatalysts4.1 Introduction4.2 General view of metal sulfide photocatalysts4.3 Synthesis of metal sulfide photocatalysts4.3.1 Solution-based method4.3.1.1 Hydrothermal method4.3.1.2 Solvothermal method4.3.2 Chemical bath deposition4.3.3 Template method4.3.4 Ion exchange method4.3.5 Other synthetic methods4.4 CdS-based photocatalysts4.4.1 Crystal structures and morphology4.4.1.1 Zero-dimensional structure4.4.1.2 One-dimensional structure4.4.1.3 Two-dimensional structure4.4.1.4 Three-dimensional structure4.4.2 Construction of CdS-based nanocomposite photocatalysts4.4.2.1 CdS cocatalyst heterojunctions4.4.2.2 CdS-based type II heterojunctions4.4.2.3 CdS-based Z-scheme heterojunctions4.4.2.4 CdS-based S-scheme heterojunctions4.5 In2S3-based photocatalysts4.5.1 Crystal structure and electronic properties4.5.2 Morphology of In2S3 photocatalyst4.5.2.1 Zero-dimensional structure4.5.2.2 One-dimensional structure4.5.2.3 Two-dimensional structure4.5.2.4 Three-dimensional structure4.5.3 Construction of In2S3-based composite photocatalysts4.5.3.1 In2S3-based type-II heterojunctions4.5.3.2 In2S3-based direct Z-scheme heterojunctions4.5.3.3 In2S3-based indirect Z-scheme heterojunctions4.6 SnS2-based photocatalysts4.6.1 Morphology of SnS2 photocatalysts4.6.2 Construction of SnS2 based composite photocatalyst4.6.2.1 Cocatalyst/SnS2 composites4.6.2.2 SnS2 based type-II heterojunction composites4.6.2.3 SnS2 based Z-scheme heterojunction composites4.7 Cu2S-based photocatalysts4.7.1 Morphology of Cu2S photocatalysts4.7.1.1 Zero-dimensional structure4.7.1.2 One-dimensional structure4.7.1.3 Two-dimensional structure4.7.1.4 Three-dimensional structure4.7.2 Construction of Cu2S-based composite photocatalysts4.7.2.1 Cu2S/metal oxide photocatalysts4.7.2.2 Cu2S/metal sulfide photocatalysts4.7.2.3 Cu2S/metal photocatalysts4.8 Other metal sulfide photocatalysts4.9 Energy and environmental applications4.9.1 Photocatalytic H2 production4.9.1.1 Unary metal sulfide photocatalysts for H2 production 4.9.1.2 Binary metal sulfide-based nanocomposite photocatalysts for H2 production 4.9.1.3 Ternary metal sulfide-based nanocomposite photocatalysts for H2 production 4.9.2 Photoreduction of CO24.9.3 Photocatalytic removal of environmental contamination4.9.3.1 Photocatalytic dye degradation4.9.3.2 Photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium4.10 Conclusions and outlookChapter 5: Organic semiconductor photocatalysts5.1 Introduction5.2 MOFs photocatalysts5.2.1 Synthesis of MOFs photocatalysts5.2.2 MOFs for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants5.2.3 MOFs for photocatalytic organic transformation5.2.4 MOFs for photocatalytic H2 production from water5.2.5 MOFs for photocatalytic reduction of CO25.3 Organic polymers photocatalysts5.3.1 Synthesis of organic polymers photocatalysts5.3.2 Organic polymers for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants5.3.3 Organic polymers for organic transformation.5.3.4 Organic polymers for photocatalytic H2 production from water5.3.5 Organic polymers for photocatalytic reduction of CO25.4 COFs photocatalysts5.4.1 Synthesis of COFs photocatalysts5.4.2 COFs for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants5.4.3 COFs for photocatalytic organic transformation5.4.4 COFs for photocatalytic H2 production from water5.4.5 COFs for photocatalytic reduction of CO25.5 Conclusions and outlookChapter 6: Graphitic carbon nitride-based photocatalysts6.1 Introduction6.2 Structure of g-C3N46.3 Preparation of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts6.3.1 Pure g-C3N46.3.2 g-C3N4-based composite photocatalysts6.4 Main photocatalytic applications of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts6.4.1 Photocatalytic H2O splitting for H2 generation6.4.2 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction for hydrocarbon fuel production6.4.3 Photocatalytic N2 fixation for ammonia production6.5 Strategies for optimizing photocatalytic performance of g-C3N46.5.1 Morphology design6.5.2 Surface modification6.5.3 Element doping6.5.4 Cocatalyst loading6.5.5 Heterojunction6.5.6 Single-atom deposition6.6 Challenges and prospects

O autorze

Professor Jiaguo Yu received his BS and MS degrees in chemistry from Central China Normal University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, respectively, and his PhD degree in materials science in 2000 from Wuhan University of Technology. In 2000, he became a Professor at Wuhan University of Technology. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 2001 to 2004, a visiting scientist from 2005 to 2006 at the University of Bristol, and a visiting scholar from 2007 to 2008 at University of Texas at Austin. His current research interests are semiconductor photocatalysis for energy and environmental applications. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed international journals, and has been on the lists of Thomson Reuters/Clarivate Analytics Highly-Cited Researchers since 2014. He is Member of Academia Europaea (2020), Fellow of the European Academy of Sciences (2020) and Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (2015). He is an Associate Editor of Chinese journal of Catalysis (since 2020) and Editor of Applied Surface Science (2014-2020), and serves on the editorial board of several international journals.Professor Xin Li received his BS and PhD degrees in Chemical Engineering from Zhengzhou University in 2002 and South China University of Technology in 2007, respectively. He joined South China Agricultural University as a faculty staff member, and became an associate professor of Applied Chemistry in 2011. In 2017, he became a Professor at the South China Agricultural University. During 2012-2013, he was a visiting scholar at the Electrochemistry Center, the University of Texas at Austin, USA. His research interests include photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, adsorption, and the development of nanomaterials and devices.Dr. Jingxiang Low obtained his B.Eng (Hons) from Multimedia University, Malaysia in 2011 and master/Ph.D. degree from Wuhan University of Technology in 2018. He is currently working at University of Science and Technology of China. His research interests include the design, synthesis and fabrication of photocatalytic materials for energy and environmental applications. He has published more than 35 papers in renowned journals including Chemical Reviews, Advanced Materials, Journal of the American Chemical Society, etc., with total citations over 10,000 times (H-index: 26). He has won CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative, 2017 top 100,000 ranked scientists (PLOS biology) and China's 100 most influential SCI papers.