Sediment Transport: A Geophysical Phenomenon

ISBN-13: 9781402050152 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 284 str.

A. Gyr; K. Hoyer

Opis

A major part of this sediment transport representation closely follows the progress made in understanding the interactions between a turbulent flow and transportable solid particles. Introducing new aspects found in the research of turbulent flows, this book updates the theory of sediment transport, e. g., using new representations for flow separations, and coherent structures thought to be relevant and confronts the problem that existent theories do not relate directly the relevant quantities involved in the physical processes. A review of the complex matter suggests that a closer cooperation between engineers and physicists would benefit the problem and our concept tries to acknowledge this fact. Having this in mind the book was organized in four parts. The engineer who is interested in predicting sediment transport will find the classical as well as statistical approaches in the first part (Chaps. 1 4). The second part (Chaps. 5 8) critically reviews the most problematic issues like rheology, turbulence, topological aspects of flow separations, vortical dynamics, and scaling parameters. This part is mainly addressed to the physicist interested in the geophysical aspects of river dynamics but will also support the engineers in their decision making process, when constructing a simulation scheme. The third part (Chaps. 9 11) presents the sediment transport using micromechanical principles, using new results from turbulence research and introducing flow separation as the main self-organization mechanism observed in the formation of bedforms."

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"Sediment transport is a multidisciplinary science, and proper understanding of the sediment-transport phenomenon in solving real-life problems involves very active collaboration between physicists, engineers, mathematicians, statisticians and geologists. ... The book is very well written with plenty of illustrations. ... I sincerely believe that this book will be extremely helpful for advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers of sediment transport. I strongly recommend the book for the libraries of all universities/institutions." (Rajat Mazumder, Journal of Sedimentary Research, January, 2007)

"The book discusses the fundamental principles of sediment in the geophysical context of rivers. Different approaches to modeling the sediment transport are presented. ... The book reflects most up-to-date research in the field. It may be used both as a course textbook, and as a guide for practical engineers." (llya A. Chernov, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1105 (7), 2007)

"The study of sediment transport is complex, and in this book the authors aim to bring together the most recent research with which to present the updated theories of sediment transport. ... the book to be a course textbook as well as a manual for engineers. ... On the whole, the book accomplishes what it set out to do: present the most up-to-date theories of sediment transport." (C. E. L. Thompson, Geological Magazine, Vol. 145 (3), 2008)

Spis treści

1 Introduction, 1.2 The phenomenon and its main parameters; 1.3 The topography of a drainage area; 1.4 Modeling the phenomenon; 2. The classical representation of the sediment transport; 2.1 The representation of the flow; 2.2 The classical bed load theories; 3 Turbulence and the statistical aspects of the sediment transport; 3.1 The incipient motion; 3.2 Statistical bed load models; 3.3 Transport in suspension; 3.4 The total sediment transport; 3.5 Critical remarks; 4 Saturation and asymptotic states; 4.1 Sediment transport as a dynamical process; 4.2 Hypotheses of extremum principle; 4.3 The expanded description of grass; 4.4 Limitations; 5 Problematic issues; 5.1 Assumptions and consequences of rheological nature; 5.2 Non-local properties of the flow field; 5.3 Non-linear processes; 6 Scales; 6.1 The river as a system and its hydrological scales; 6.2 The scaling of the turbulent flow; 7 Roughness and roughness elements; 7.1 Similarity consideration in the Range of constant wallshear stress; 7.2 Sand roughness; 7.3 d-roughness; 7.4 Real roughness; 8 Flow-separation, topology and vortical dynamics; 8.1 Flow separation; 8.2 Basics in topology; 8.3 Separation bubbles; 8.4 Vortex tubes and vortex interactions; 9 Fine-sand dynamics; 9.1 Stable beds and incipient motion; 9.2 Sediment stripes as a bed form; 9.3 The arrowhead like bed forms; 9.4 The ripple formation; 9.5 Dunes of fine-sand; 9.6 Antidunes; 10 Mixtures of medium grain sizes; 10.1 Armoring; 10.2 Turbulence dominated sediment transport; 10.3 Sediment transport dominated by separation; 10.4 Induced secondary flows; 10.5 Bed forms due to sorting effects; 11 Gravel beds; 11.1 Transport processes on gravel beds; 11.2 Separation versus turbulence; 11.3 Bed forms in gravel beds; 11.4 Complexity and outlooks; 12 Data and strategies to calculate sediment transport; 12.1 The input parameters; 12.2 Coherent structures;12.3 Turbulent flows; 12.4 Flow with separations; 12.5 Suspended load; 12.6 The significance of experiments for the simulations; 13 Literature; 14 Appendix; 14.1 Albert Einstein’s letter of recommendation for his son; 14.2 Tables; 14.3 Graphs; 14.4 Symbols; 15 Subject Index