Quantum Neural Computation

ISBN-13: 9789401777773 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 929 str.

Vladimir G. Ivancevic; Tijana T. Ivancevic

Opis

This book presents an introduction, both non-technical and technical, to modern quantum neural computation. It combines quantum computation with neural computation and provides a blueprint for the future quantum brain.

Spis treści

1 Introduction 1.1 Neurodynamics 1.2 Quantum Computation 1.3 Discrete Quantum Computers 1.4 Topological Quantum Computers 1.5 Computation at the Edge of Chaos and Quantum Neural Networks 1.6 Adaptive Path Integral: An 1-Dimensional QNN 1.6.1 Computational Partition Function 1.6.2 From Thermodynamics to Quantum Field Theory 1.6.3 1-Dimensional QNNs 1.7 Brain Topology vs. Small–World Topology 1.8 Quantum Brain and Mind 1.8.1 Connectionism, Control Theory and Brain Theory 1.8.2 Neocortical Biophysics 1.8.3 Quantum Neurodynamics 1.8.4 Bi-Stable Perception and Consciousness 1.9 Notational Conventions 2 Brain and Classical Neural Networks 2.1 Human Brain 2.1.1 Basics of Brain Physiology 2.1.2 Modern 3D Brain Imaging 2.2 Biological versus Artificial Neural Networks 2.2.1 Common Discrete ANNs 2.2.2 Common Continuous ANNs 2.3 Synchronization in Neurodynamics 2.3.1 Phase Synchronization in Coupled Chaotic Oscillators 2.3.2 Oscillatory Phase Neurodynamics 2.3.3 Kuramoto Synchronization Model 2.3.4 Lyapunov Chaotic Synchronization 2.4 Spike Neural Networks and Wavelet Resonance 2.4.1 Ensemble Neuron Model 2.4.2 Wavelet Neurodynamics 2.4.3 Wavelets of Epileptic Spikes 2.5 Human Motor Control and Learning 2.5.1 Motor Control 2.5.2 Human Memory 2.5.3 Human Learning 2.5.4 Spinal Musculo–Skeletal Control 2.5.5 Cerebellum and Muscular Synergy 3 Quantum Theory Basics 3.1 Basics of Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics 3.1.1 Soft Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 3.1.2 Quantum States and Operators 3.1.3 The Tree Standard Quantum Pictures 3.1.4 Dirac’s Probability Amplitude and Perturbation 3.1.5 State–Space for n Non-Relativistic Quantum Particles 3.2 Introduction to Quantum Fields 3.2.1 Amplitude, Relativistic Invariance and Causality 3.2.2 Gauge Theories 3.2.3 Free andInteracting Field Theories 3.2.4 Dirac’s Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) 3.2.5 Abelian Higgs Model 3.2.6 Topological Quantum Computation 3.3 The Feynman Path Integral 3.3.1 The Action–Amplitude Formalism 3.3.2 Correlation Functions and Generating Functional 3.3.3 Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field 3.3.4 Wavelet–Based QFT 3.4 The Path–Integral TQFT 3.4.1 Schwarz–Type and Witten–Type Theories 3.4.2 Hodge Decomposition Theorem 3.4.3 Hodge Decomposition and Chern–Simons Theory 3.5 Non-Abelian Gauge Theories 3.5.1 Introduction to Non-Abelian Theories 3.5.2 Yang–Mills Theory 3.5.3 Quantization of Yang–Mills theory 3.5.4 Basics of Conformal Field Theory (CFT) 4 Spatio-Temporal Chaos, Solitons and NLS 4.1 Reaction–Diffusion Processes and Ricci Flow 4.1.1 Bio–Reaction–Diffusion Systems 4.1.2 Reactive Neurodynamics 4.1.3 Dissipative Evolution Under the Ricci Flow 4.2 Turbulence and Chaos in PDEs 4.3 Quantum Chaos and Its Control 4.3.1 Quantum Chaos vs. Classical Chaos 4.3.2 Optimal Control of Quantum Chaos 4.4 Solitions 4.4.1 Short History of Solitons 4.4.2 Lie–Poisson Bracket 4.4.3 Solitons and Muscular Contraction 4.5 Dispersive Wave Equations and Stability of Solitons 4.5.1 KdV Solitons 4.5.2 The Inverse Scattering Approach 4.6 Nonlinear Schr¨odinger Equation (NLS) 4.6.1 Cubic NLS 4.6.2 Nonlinear Wave and Schr¨odinger Equations 4.6.3 Physical NLS–Derivation 4.6.4 A Compact Attractor for High–Dimensional NLS 4.6.5 Finite–Difference Scheme for NLS 4.6.6 Method of Lines for NLS 5 Quantum Brain and Cognition 5.1 Biochemistry of Microtubules 5.2 Kink Soliton Model of MT–Dynamics 5.3 Macro– and Microscopic Neurodynamical Self–Similarity 5.3.1 Open Liouville Equation 5.4 Dissipative Quantum Brain Model 5.5 QED Brain Model 5.6

Blurb

Quantum Neural Computation is a graduate-level monographic textbook. It presents a comprehensive introduction, both non-technical and technical, into modern quantum neural computation. Classical computing systems perform classical computations (i.e., Boolean operations, such as AND, OR, NOT gates) using devices that can be described classically (e.g., MOSFETs). On the other hand, quantum computing systems perform classical computations using quantum devices (quantum dots), that is, devices that can be described only using quantum mechanics. Any information transfer between such computing systems involves a state measurement.

This book describes this information transfer at the edge of classical and quantum chaos and turbulence, where mysterious quantum-mechanical linearity meets the brain's even more mysterious nonlinear complexity, in order to perform super–high–speed and error–free computations. This volume describes a crossroad between quantum field theory, brain science and computational intelligence.