Post-Translational Modifications in Health and Disease

ISBN-13: 9781441963819 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 490 str.

Cecilio J. Vidal

Opis

Post-translational modifications serve many different purposes in several cellular processes such as gene expression, protein folding and transport to appropriate cell compartment, protein-lipid and protein-protein interactions, enzyme regulation, signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, protein stability, recycling and degradation. Although several-hundred different modifications are known, the significance of many of them remains unknown. The enormous versatility of the modifications which frequently alter the physico-chemical properties of the respective proteins represents an extraordinary challenge in understanding their physiological role. Since essential cellular functions are regulated by protein modifications, an improvement of current understanding of their meaning might allow new avenues to prevent and/or alleviate human and animal diseases.

Spis treści

Chapter 1, Isoprenoid Modifications Uyen T.T. Nguyen, Andrew Goodall, Kirill Alexandrov, and Daniel Abankwa Chapter 2, GPI-Anchored Proteins in Health and Disease David R. Taylor and Nigel Hooper Chapter 3, Protein Oxidation C. Quiney, S. Finnegan, G. Groeger, and Tom G. Cotter Chapter 4, Involvement of S-Nitrosylation in Neurodegeneration Yihang Li and Kenny K. K. Chung Chapter 5, Protein Glycosylation, and Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Eva Morava, Dirk J. Lefeber, and Ron A. Wevers Chapter 6, Defective Glycosylation of Dystroglycan in Muscular Dystrophy and Cancer Federica Montanaro and Paul T. Martin Chapter 7, Protein kinase A: The Enzyme and Cyclic AMP Signaling Maria Nesterova and Constantine A. Stratakis Chapter 8, The Protein Kinase C Family: Key Regulators Bridging Signaling Pathways in Skin and Tumor Epithelia Dirk Breitkreutz, Liora Braiman-Wiksman, Nicole Daum, and Tamar Tennebaum Chapter 9, Maintaining Energy Balance in Health and Disease: Role of AMP-activated Protein Kinase John W. Scott Chapter 10, Protein Phosphatases in the Brain: Regulation, Function and Disease Ry Y. Tweedie-Cullen, C. Sehwan Park, and Isabelle M. Mansuy Chapter 11, Covalent Protein Modification as a Mechanism for Dynamic Recruitment of Specific Interactors Nicholas R. Bertos, Veena Sangwan, Xiang-Jiao Yang, Morag Park Chapter 12, Regulation of Gene Expression by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Implications for Neurological Disease Lisa Lukaesko and Robert Meller Chapter 13, Small Ubiquitin-like Modifiers and other Ubiquitin-like Proteins Martijn van Hagen and Alfred Vertegaal Chapter 14, ER-associated Degradation and its Involvement in Human Disease: Insights from Yeast Nathalie Campagnolo and Michel Ghislain Chapter 15, Regulation of Chromatin Structure and Transcription via Histone Modifications Kajan Ratnakumar, Avnish Kapoor, and Emily Bernstein Chapter 16, Chromatin: the Entry to and Exit from DNA Repair Anastas Gospodinov and Zdenko Herceg Chapter 17, Poly(ADP-rybosyl)ation of Chromosomal Proteins: Epigenetic Regulation and Human Genomic Integrity in Health and Disease Rafael Alvarez-Gonzalez Chapter 18, Post-translational Proteolytic Processing on Intracellular Proteins by Cathepsins and Cystatins Nobuhiko Katunuma, Masae Takahashi, and Tadashi Tezuka Chapter 19, Metalloproteases and Proteolytic Processing Anthony J. Turner and Natalia N. Nalivaeva

Blurb

Post-translational modifications serve many different purposes in a wide variety of cellular processes,such as protein synthesis, folding, stability, the housing of prosthetic groups, vesicular trafficking,protein targeting to particular cell stores, exocytosis and endocytosis, the biogenesis of cell organelles and basal lamina. Signal transduction, with functional effects for enzyme regulation and metabolic control on the one hand, and gene expression, cell division, differentiation and apoptosis on the other, is also prominent. Post-translational Modifications in Health and Disease provides the reader with nineteen reviews that stimulate further investigations in the proteomic field - focusing on functional and pathological aspects of protein prenylation, the incorporation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moieties, oxidation, nitrosylation, glycosylation, and phosphorylation and dephosphorylation - with emphasis on their outcome for protein-protein interaction phenomena and down-stream effects. Additional chapters are devoted to protein ubiquitination, sumoylation and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the influence of histone modification on gene expression and DNA repair, and proteolytic processing of intracellular and basal lamina proteins. This book will be of particular significance to researchers, clinicians, and students of biology, pharmacy and medicine.