Polymer Electrolyte Membrane and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology: Volume 1: Fundamentals and Performance of Low Temperature Fuel Cells

ISBN-13: 9781845697730 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 430 str.

Christoph Hartnig; Christina Roth

Opis

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) technology are promising forms of low-temperature electrochemical power conversion technologies that operate on hydrogen and methanol respectively. Featuring high electrical efficiency and low operational emissions, they have attracted intense worldwide commercialization research and development efforts. These R&D efforts include a major drive towards improving materials performance, fuel cell operation and durability. In situ characterization is essential to improving performance and extending operational lifetime through providing information necessary to understand how fuel cell materials perform under operational loads.

This two volume set reviews the fundamentals, performance, and in situ characterization of PEMFCs and DMFCs. Volume 1 covers the fundamental science and engineering of these low temperature fuel cells, focusing on understanding and improving performance and operation. Part one reviews systems fundamentals, ranging from fuels and fuel processing, to the development of membrane and catalyst materials and technology, and gas diffusion media and flowfields, as well as life cycle aspects and modelling approaches. Part two details performance issues relevant to fuel cell operation and durability, such as catalyst ageing, materials degradation and durability testing, and goes on to review advanced transport simulation approaches, degradation modelling and experimental monitoring techniques.

With its international team of expert contributors, Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology Volumes 1 & 2 is an invaluable reference for low temperature fuel cell designers and manufacturers, as well as materials science and electrochemistry researchers and academics.

• Covers the fundamental science and engineering of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), focusing on understanding and improving performance and operation
• Reviews systems fundamentals, ranging from fuels and fuel processing, to the development of membrane and catalyst materials and technology, and gas diffusion media and flowfields, as well as life cycle aspects and modelling approaches
• Details performance issues relevant to fuel cell operation and durability, such as catalyst ageing, materials degradation and durability testing, and reviews advanced transport simulation approaches, degradation modelling and experimental monitoring techniques

Recenzje

"I was impressed by the content and breadth of this detailed work. This is a very informative work [.] I would definitely recommend this book set for readers who are either experienced or new in this exciting field." -- Platinum Metals Review

Spis treści

Contributor contact details

Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy

Preface

Part I: Fundamentals of polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology

Chapter 1: Fuels and fuel processing for low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Thermodynamics of fuel cell operation and the effect of fuel on performance

1.3 Hydrogen

1.4 Hydrocarbon fuels and fuel processing

1.5 Methanol

1.6 Other sources of hydrogen

1.7 Deleterious effects of fuels on fuel cell performance

1.8 Conclusions

1.9 Acknowledgements

Chapter 2: Membrane materials and technology for low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes

2.3 Morphology and microstructure of ionomer membranes

2.4 Non-perfluorinated membranes

Chapter 3: Catalyst and membrane technology for low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

3.3 Catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)

Chapter 4: Gas diffusion media, flowfields and system aspects in low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Gas diffusion media

4.3 Flow field design

4.4 System layout

4.5 Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) system architecture

4.6 Conclusions

Chapter 5: Recycling and life cycle assessment of fuel cell materials

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Environmental aspects of fuel cells

5.3 Fuel cell hardware recycling

5.4 Life cycle assessment of fuel cell fuels and materials

5.5 Future trends

5.6 Sources of further information and advice

Part II: Performance issues in polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cells

Chapter 6: Operation and durability of low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Thermal management

6.3 Water management

6.4 Reactant flow management

6.5 Contamination

6.6 Duty cycle impacts on durability

6.7 Implementation of approaches to extend lifetime

6.8 Future trends

6.9 Sources of further information

6.10 Acknowledgements

Chapter 7: Catalyst ageing and degradation in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Catalyst ageing mechanism

7.3 Characterization of catalyst degradation

7.4 Identical-location transmission electron microscopy

7.5 Future trends

Chapter 8: Degradation and durability testing of low temperature fuel cell components

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Chemical degradation of the proton exchange membrane (PEM)

8.3 Pt dissolution

8.4 Carbon support corrosion

8.5 Contamination sources

8.6 Conclusions

Chapter 9: Microstructure reconstruction and transport simulation in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Microstructure reconstruction

9.3 Analysis of transport characteristics

9.4 Conclusions

9.5 Acknowledgements

Chapter 10: Multi-scale modeling of two-phase transport in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Pore network modeling

10.3 Lattice Boltzmann modeling

10.4 Macroscopic upscaling

10.5 Conclusions

10.6 Acknowledgement

Chapter 11: Modelling and analysis of degradation phenomena in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Abstract:

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Aging mechanisms of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) materials and performance decay: why physical modelling?

11.3 Towards a multi-scale modelling framework for PEMFC degradation analysis

11.4 Conclusions, perspectives and challenges

Chapter 12: Experimental monitoring techniques for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Abstract:

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Reasons for monitoring fuel cells

12.3 Experimental monitoring techniques

12.4 Application example: detection of liquid water in fuel cells by conductimetric technique

12.5 Recent trends and conclusions

Index

O autorze

Dr Christoph Hartnig works at Chemetall GmbH and formerly headed research departments at both BASF Fuel Cell GmbH and the Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research (ZSW), Germany. Dr Christina Roth is Professor for Renewable Energies at Technische Universität Darmstadt and Head of a Research Group at the Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. The editors are well known for their research and work in the fields of low temperature fuel cell technology and materials characterisation. Dr Christina Roth is Professor for Renewable Energies at Technische Universität Darmstadt and Head of a Research Group at the Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. The editors are well known for their research and work in the fields of low temperature fuel cell technology and materials characterisation.