Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism

ISBN-13: 9789400768888 / Angielski / Twarda / 2013 / 350 str.

Luis A. del Río

Opis

Peroxisomes are a class of ubiquitous and dynamic single membrane-bounded cell organelles, devoid of DNA, with an essentially oxidative type of metabolism. In recent years it has become increasingly clear that peroxisomes are involved in a range of important cellular functions in almost all eukaryotic cells. In higher eukaryotes, including humans, peroxisomes catalyze ether phospholipids biosynthesis, fatty acid alpha-oxidation, glyoxylate detoxification, etc, and in humans peroxisomes are associated with several important genetic diseases. In plants, peroxisomes carry out the fatty acid beta-oxidation, photorespiration, metabolism of ROS, RNS and RSS, photomorphogenesis, biosynthesis of phytohormones, senescence, and defence against pathogens and herbivores. In recent years it has been postulated a possible contribution of peroxisomes to cellular signaling. In this volume an updated view of the capacity and function of peroxisomes from human, animal, fungal and plant origin as cell generators of different signal molecules involved in distinct processes of high physiological importance is presented.

Spis treści

Dedication

Preface

1. Peroxisome interactions and cross-talk with other subcellular compartments in animal cells; Michael Schrader, Sandra Grille, H. Dariush Fahimi and Markus Islinger

2. Peroxisomes in human health and disease: metabolic pathways, metabolite transport, interplay with other organelles and signal transduction; Ronald J.A. Wanders                            

3. Aging, age-related diseases and peroxisomes; Marc Fransen, Marcus Nordgren, Bo Wang, Oksana Apanasets and Paul P. Van Veldhoven 

4. Peroxisomes and the antiviral responses of mammalian cells; Charlotte Odendall and Jonathan C. Kagan 

5. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α signaling in hepatocarcinogenesis; Parimal Misra, Navin Viswakarma and Janardan K. Reddy 

6. Involvement of human peroxisomes in biosynthesis and signaling of steroid and peptide hormones; Isabelle Weinhofer, Markus Kunze, Sonja Forss-Petter and Johannes Berger 

7. Peroxisome Ca²⁺ homeostasis in animal and plant cells; Alex Costa, Ilaria Drago, Michela Zottini, Paola Pizzo and Tullio Pozzan

8. The versatility of peroxisome function in filamentous fungi; Ida J. van der Klei and Marten Veenhuis

9. Essential roles of peroxisomally produced and metabolized biomolecules in regulating yeast longevity; Adam Beach and Vladimir I. Titorenko 

10. Metabolite transporters of the plant peroxisomal membrane - known and unknown; Nicole Linka and Frederica L. Theodoulou

11. Peroxisomes and photomorphogenesis; Navneet Kaur, Jiying Li, and Jianping Hu

12. Biosynthesis of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) by plant peroxisomes and its integration into signaling molecule synthesis pathways; Sigrun Reumann                     

13. Role of peroxisomes as a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling molecules; Luisa M. Sandalio, María Rodríguez-Serrano, María C. Romero-Puertas and Luis A. del Río

14. Peroxisomes as a source of auxin signaling molecules; Gretchen M. Spiess and Bethany K. Zolman

15. Peroxisomes as cell generators of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) signal molecules; Francisco J. Corpas, Juan B. Barroso, José M Palma and Luis A. del Río 

16. Role of plant peroxisomes in the production of jasmonic acid-based signals; José León

17. Role of plant peroxisomes in protection against herbivores; Mohammed Shabab

18. Function of Peroxisomes in Plant-Pathogen Interactions; Yasuyuki Kubo         

Index

Blurb

Peroxisomes are a class of ubiquitous and dynamic single membrane-bounded cell organelles, devoid of DNA, with an essentially oxidative type of metabolism. Today it is known that fatty acid β-oxidation is a general feature of virtually all types of peroxisomes, but in higher eukaryotes, including humans, peroxisomes catalyze ether phospholipids biosynthesis, fatty acid α-oxidation, and glyoxylate detoxification, and in humans peroxisomes are associated with several important genetic diseases. Among the different new roles for human peroxisomes discovered in recent years are antiviral innate immunity, peptide hormone metabolism, brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease, and age-related diseases. In fungi, new findings have broadened the number of secondary metabolites that are synthesized in peroxisomes, such as antibiotics and several toxins, and have evidenced their involvement in biotin biosynthesis, fungal development and plant pathogenesis. In plants, peroxisomes carry out different functions, apart from fatty acid β-oxidation, mainly including photorespiration, metabolism of reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species, photomorphogenesis, biosynthesis of phytohormones, senescence, and defense against pathogens and hervibores.

Two important characteristics of peroxisomes are their metabolic plasticity and capacity of sharing metabolic pathways with other cell compartments. In recent years, a function for peroxisomes as key centers of the cellular-signaling apparatus which could influence the regulatory network of the cell has been postulated. The diverse key physiological functions that have been demonstrated for peroxisomes from different origins strongly indicate the interest of studying the role of peroxisomes as a cellular source of different signaling molecules. This book presents recent advances in the function and metabolism of peroxisomes from human, animal, fungal and plant origin and their metabolic interconnection with other cell compartments, showing the central role played by peroxisomes as cell generators of different signaling molecules involved in distinct processes of high physiological importance.