Periodic Nanostructures

ISBN-13: 9789048175062 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 209 str.

Mircea V. Diudea; Csaba L. Nagy

Opis

In Periodic Nanostructures, the authors demonstrate that structural periodicity in various nanostructures has been proven experimentally. The text covers the coalescence reactions, studied by electronic microscopy, and shows that the nanoworld is continuous, giving rise to zero- (fullerenes), one- (tubules), two-(graphite) and three-(diamond, spongy carbon) dimensional carbon allotropes. The authors explore foam-like carbon structures, which relate to schwarzites, and which represent infinite periodic minimal surfaces of negative curvature. They show that these structures contain polygons (with dimensions larger than hexagons w.r.t. to graphite) that induce this negative curvature. The units of these structures appear as nanotube junctions (produced via an electron beam) that have wide potential molecular electronics applications. Self-assembled supramolecular structures (of various tessellation) and diamond architectures are also proposed. The authors propose that the periodicity of close repeat units of such structures is most evident not only in these formations but also present in all of the carbon allotropes. It is also shown that depending on the lattice tessellation, heteroatom type, and/or doping, metal nanostructures (nanotubes in particular) can display both metallic and semiconductor characteristics. Therefore, their properties can be manipulated by chemical functionalization. The authors therefore suggest that nanostructures have heralded a new generation of nanoscale biological, chemical, and physical devices. The text also provides literature and data on the field of nanostructure periodicity and the authors own results on nanostructure building and energy calculations as well as topological characterization by means of counting polynomials of periodic nanostructures. The aromaticity of various coverings of graphitic structures is also discussed. This book is aimed at scientists working in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology, Ph.D. and MSc. degree students, and others interested in the amazing nanoarchitectures that could inspire the cities of the future."

Spis treści

PERIODIC FULLERENES BY COALESCENCE REACTIONS: Fullerene Fusion via Stone-Wales Transformation.- Results and Discussion.- Closed Nanotubes Viewed as Coalescence Products.- Armchair and Zigzag Closed Nanotubes.- Energetics of Capped Nanotubes. POLYHEX TORI: Construction of Polyhex Tori from Square Tiled Tori.- Topology of Polyhex Tori.- Strain Energy Calculation.- p-Electronic Structure of Polyhex Tori.- Identical Polyhex Toroidal Graphs.- Resonance Energy in Polyhex Tori. NEW CLASSES OF TOROIDAL STRUCTURES: Distinct Walled Tori.- Conetori.- Diameter doubling of SWNT. COUNTING POLYNOMIALS OF NANOSTRUCTURES: Graph Theory Background.- Counting Polynomials.- Layer/Shell Matrices and Polynomial Coefficients.- Basic Cluj Polynomials.- Properties of the Cluj Polynomials.- Omega-type Polynomials.- Hosoya Polynomial in Toroidal Nanostructures.- Omega Polynomial in Tubular Nanostructures.- QSPR Studies by Omega-derived Descriptors. OPERATIONS ON MAPS: Simple Operations on Maps.- Composite Operations on Maps.- Generalized Operations.- Isomerization routes on tubular nanostructures. AROMATICITY OF NANOSTRUCTURES.- Aromaticity of Nanostructures.- Corannulenic Cages.- Corazulenic Cages.- Retro Endo-Kroto Reaction. TRIPLY PERIODIC NANOSTRUCTURES: Background on Surface Curvature.- Carbon Lattices Embedded in TPMSs.- Nanotube Junctions.- Pedriodic Schwarzites.