Particle Toxicology

ISBN-13: 9780849350924 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 456 str.

Ken Donaldson; Paul Borm

Opis

Exposure to particles in industry and mining and from accidental anthropogenic sources constitutes an ongoing threat. Most recently nanoparticles arising from advances in technology are exposing a wider population to pathogenic stimuli. The effects of inhaled particles are no longer confined to the lung as nanoparticles have the potential to translocate to the bloodstream, the brain, and other target sites. The new questions posed by nanoparticles underscore the importance of interdisciplinary research and exchange and highlight the need for new collaborations among disciplines in medicine, toxicology, chemistry, and material sciences. Particle Toxicology brings together the state of the science in particle physico-chemistry, cell biology, and toxicology in a single volume. While organized around the classical toxicology paradigm of exposure - dose - response, the book is unique in its emphasis on mechanistic toxicology. Preparing the reader with a brief historical overview and a conceptual framework for particle research, the book provides reviews on the mechanisms and properties of pathogenic particles and their effects on target cells at various sites in the body. The text describes how adverse effects are a consequence of deposition, translocation, and the complex issue of dose dominates. Contributions from leading researchers address particle-associated pro-inflammatory effects and inflammatory signaling, cellular and extracellular oxidative and nitrosative stress, particulate interactions in the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems, as well as genotoxic effects. Exemplar particles include quartz, asbestos, particulate material and nanoparticles. The book also covers mathematical modeling and human studies as avenues for future research. Responding to the evolving trend of consumer applications for particulate matter, Particle Toxicology provides the comprehensive resource for current knowledge from which to develop new concepts to understanding particle actions, measurement, testing, and pathogenic exposure to fine and ultrafine particles."

Spis treści

An Introduction to Particle Toxicology: From Coal Mining
to Nanotechnology, Mineralogy and Structure of Pathogenic Particles, Particle Dosimetry: Deposition and Clearance from the Respiratory Tract and Translocation towards Extra-Pulmonary Sites, Particulate Air Pollutants and Small Airway Remodeling, Particle-Mediated Extracellular Oxidative Stress in the Lung, Particles and Cellular Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, Interaction of Particles with Membranes, B. Rothen-Rutishauser, Particle-Associated Metals and Oxidative Stress in Signaling, Proinflammatory Effects of Particles on Macrophages and Epithelial Cells, Cell-Signaling Pathways Elicited by Particlates, Particle-Associated Organics and Proinflammatory Signaling, The Asbestos Model of Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis: TNF-a and TGF-b1 as Mediators of Asbestos-Induced Lung Fibrogenesis, Effects of Particles on the Immune System, Effects of Particles on the Cardiovascular System, Susceptibility to Particle Effects, Genotoxic Effects of Particles, Approaches to the Toxicological Testing of Particles, K. Donaldson, Models for Testing the Pulmonary Toxicity of Particles: Lund Bioassay Screening Studies in Male Rats with a New Formulation of TiO2 Particulates, Air Pollution and Human Brain Pathology: A Role for Air Pollutants in the Pathogensis of Alzheimer’s Disease, Biologically-Based Lung Dosimetry and Exposure-Dose-Response Models for Poorly Soluble Inhaled Particles, Nanoparticles in Medicine, The Toxicology of Inhaled Particles: Summing Up an Emerging Conceptual Framework, Index

O autorze

Donaldson, Ken; Borm, Paul