Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics: Technological Aspects, Experimental Issue Approaches and Measurements

ISBN-13: 9781461459583 / Angielski / Twarda / 2014 / 152 str.

Alessandro Massaro; Aim Lay-Ekuakille

Opis

This book analyzes optoelectronic applications such as cavity resonance, filtering, tactile sensors, robotic sensor, oil spill detection, small antennas and experimental setups using lasers, and also explores such innovative materials as nanocomposites.

Spis treści

1. Introduction.- 2. Theory and Measurement Approaches.- 2.1 Geometrical Optics and Experimental Setups.- 2.1.1 Application: Optical Characterization of a CTO Bulk Type Nanocomposite Sample.- 2.2 Optical Modes and Measurements Approaches.- 2.2.1 Modes of a Slab Waveguide.- 2.2.2 Modes of a Ridge Waveguide.- 2.2.3 Modes of an Artificial Anisotropic Ridge Waveguide.- 2.2.4 Microtube Modes and Measurements.- 2.3 Coupled Mode Theory.- 2.3.1 Mode Coupling in Nonlinear Waveguide: Fundamental and Second Harmonic Co-propagating Modes.- 2.3.2 Coupling Guided Mode with Radiation Modes.- 2.4 Optical Fiber Modes and Measurements.- 2.4.1 Measurements of Radiating Truncated Optical Fiber and Comparison with Numerical and Analytical Results.Photonic Crystal Fiber.- 2.4.2 Measurement Approach of Photonic Crystal Fiber.- 2.5 Photonic Crystal Modes and Interpretation of Measurements.- 2.6 Scattering and Diffraction of a Discontinuous Optical Waveguide.- 2.7 Quantum Electronics and Measurements.- 2.8 Transmission line Modeling.- 2.8.1 Even and Odd Modes of a Slab Waveguide.- 2.8.2 Arrow waveguides.- 2.8.3 3D Dielectric Corner.- 2.8.4 Metallic Probes.- 3. Optical and Wireless Devices, Fabrication Process and Applications.- 3.1 Optical Sensors.- 3.1.1 Optical Fiber Sensor for Oil Spill.- 3.1.2 IR Spectroscopy Measurements: Hydrocarbon Pollutant Determination.- 3.1.3 Micro Rectangular Aperture as Antenna Sensor and Technological Aspects.- 3.2 Distributed Bragg Reflectors.- 3.2.1 GaN/AlGaN DBR: Technology and Nonlinear Applications.- 3.2.2 4x4 GaN/AlGaN Add Drop Multiplexer Filter.- 3.3 Plasmonic Antenna.- 3.3.1 Plasmonic Permittivity Sensor and Laser Texturing Technology.- 3.3.2 Measurement Approach for Plasmonic Waveguides.- 3.4 Optical Gratings: Induced Artificial Anisotropy.- 3.4.1 Laminated Polarization Splitter (LPS).- 3.4.2 Integrated Optical Gratings.- 3.4.3 Bragg Reflector.- 3.5 Biomedical Optical Devices: Photonic Crystal Devices.- 3.6 Nonlinear Optics: Second Harmonic Generation Processes and Design of 2 Waveguides.- 3.6.1 SH Generation in Ridge Waveguides.- 3.6.2 SH Generation Process in Circular Photonic Crystals.- 3.7 Modeling of SH Generation Process in Optical Cavities.- 3.8 Vertical Microcavity Laser: Active Materials and Modeling.- 3.9 Wireless Sensors: Introduction of Ultrasonic Sensors.- 3.10 Small antenna: Design and Modeling.- 4. Nanotechnology and MEMS: Design, Technology and Measurements.- 4.1 Fabrication Process of Mo/AlN/Mo RMEMS.- 4.1.1 Piezoelectric RMEMS Antennas: Circuital Characterization, Measurements and Manufacturing.- 4.1.2 Image Approach for the Displacement Evaluation.- 4.2 Energy Harvesting measurements of RMEMS.- 4.2.1 RMEMS Modeling and Degenerate Modes.- 4.2.2 Preliminary Experimental Setup.- 4.2.3 Accurate Experimental Setup and Measurements.- 4.3 RF MEMS and Implementations.- 4.3.1 Mo/AlN/Mo Pressure Sensor: Experimentation and Measurements.- 4.3.2 Textured Layouts and Approach to the Measurements.- 4.4 Photonic Crystal by Gold Pillars.- 4.5 Optical Spherical Nanoantennas.- 4.6 Plasmonic Waveguide Design.- 4.7 Modeling of Passive Micro-Nanodevices, Cantilever MEMS and Small Antenna.- 4.7.1 GPU Simulations of Passive Micro/Nanodevices.- 4.7.2 Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam.- 4.7.3 Application: Skin Cancer Wireless Detection System.- 4.7.4 3D Micrometric Antenna for Wireless Systems.- 5. Nanocomposite Materials and Optical Sensors.- 5.1 Introduction of Nanocomposite Materials.- 5.1.1 Polymers and Metallic /Organic Inclusions: Light Scattering.- 5.1.2 Electromagnetic Aspects: EM Absorbing Properties and Optical Enhancement.- 5.1.3 Mechanical Characterization of the PDMS-Au Nanocomposite Material.- 5.1.4 Experimental Setups for the Gold Nanoparticles Generation.- 5.2 Nanocomposite Sensors for Robotics.- 5.2.1 Some Technological Aspects: CTO-Au, PDMS-Au and Optical Fiber Systems.- 5.2.2 Characterization of Nanocomposite Materials.- 5.2.3 Algorithms for Robotics.- 5.2.4 Totally Optical Reflection System by Nanocomposite Tip.- 6. Instrumentation for Measurement Procedures.- 6.1. Measurement issues and its impacts.- 6.2. Common standard parameters for measurements and instrumentation.- 6.3. Instrumentation example for measurements .- 6.4. Design of experimentation in Measurements: Errors, accuracy and repeatability.- 7. Electronic Measurements and Signal processing.- 7.1 Analog and digital chains of measurements.- 7.2 Types of measurements.- 7.3 Experimental setup descriptions, signal processing and hardware.- 7.4 Digital signal processing techniques and hardware.- 7.5 Advanced techniques.- 8. Noise.- 8.1 Definitions and sources.- 8.2. Noise in bipoles and double bipoles.- 8.3. Design of noise removal: measurements and architectures.- 8.4. Practical examples.

Blurb

Optoelectronics--technology based on applications light such as micro/nano quantum electronics, photonic devices, laser for measurements and detection--has become an important field of research. Many applications and physical problems concerning optoelectronics are analyzed in Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics.

The book is organized in order to explain how to implement innovative sensors starting from basic physical principles. Applications such as cavity resonance, filtering, tactile sensors, robotic sensor, oil spill detection, small antennas and experimental setups using lasers are analyzed. Innovative materials such as nanocomposites are characterized, designed, and applied in order to provide new ideas about detection principles. As with many electric circuitries, light applications and architectures suffer from noising due to physical and transmission connections. The book illustrates some examples for practical issues. The theory and the nanotechnology facilities provide important tools for researchers working with sensing applications.