Novel Millimetre Wave Antennas for Mimo and 5g Applications

ISBN-13: 9789811672774 / Angielski / Twarda / 2021

Shiban Kishen Koul;Zamir Wani

Opis

This book presents state-of-the-art millimetre wave antennas for next generation 5G communications. The propagation losses associated with the millimetre waves and the signal blockage due to the objects present between transmitter and receiver require novel antenna topologies to address these issues. Various aspects of antenna design related to millimetre wave 5G communication including 28-GHz channel characteristics, mmWave antenna requirements, antenna design strategies for 28 GHz, MIMO/multibeam antennas, and mmWave lens antennas are highlighted. Apart from the general antenna requirements and study related to the 28 GHz frequency band, various new metamaterial-based antennas employing uniaxial or biaxial anisotropic media that enhance the antenna radiation performance are covered in detail. In addition, various new antenna systems such as wide-scan antenna arrays, dual-polarized antennas, and dual-beam/multibeam antennas are covered in this book. The book concludes with the glimpses of the millimetre wave lens antennas and the design of very thin planar metamaterial lens for 5G massive MIMO applications.

Spis treści

1.                  Millimeter Wave for Gigabit Wireless

            1.1       Millimeter Waves for Gigabit Wireless

            1.2       Millimeter Wave 5G Frequency Bands

                        1.2.1    The 28-GHz Band
                        1.2.2    Propagation Losses

1.2.3    Channel Characteristics

1.2.4    Link Budget

            1.3       Millimeter Wave Antennas

1.3.1    Antenna Design and Requirements

            1.4     Millimeter Wave MIMO and Beamforming

            1.5       Conclusion

References

 2.                  Metamaterials and Anisotropic Media Realization for mmWave Applications

            2.1       Introduction

            2.2       Metamaterials for Antennas

            2.3       Uniaxial Anisotropic Media for mmWaves

                        2.3.1 Media Properties

                        2.3.1 Unit Cell and Metamaterial Realization

            2.4       Biaxial Media for mmWave Antennas
                        2.4.1 Media Properties and Antenna Applications

                        2.4.2 Unit Cell Design and Stacked Metamaterial Realization

            2.5       Propagation of Waves through Uniaxial Anisotropic Media

            2.6       Propagation of Waves Through Biaxial Anisotropic Media

            2.7       Conclusion

                        References

 

3.         mmWave High Gain Antennas

            3.1       Introduction

            3.2       Antenna Gain versus Size

3.3       Gain Enhancement Techniques

3.4       Stacked Dielectric Loading for Gain Enhancement

3.4.1 Design and Working Mechanism          

3.5       High-Low-Epsilon Media for Gain Enhancement

            3.5.1 Basic Theory and Working Principle

3.5.2 Lens Property of HLE Media

3.5.3 Antenna Gain Study

3.6       Conclusion

                        References

 

4.         Beam Tilting/Deflection Antennas 

            4.1       Introduction

            4.2       Beam Tilting using High Permittivity Media

                        4.2.1 Dipole Antenna with CLL Array

4.2.2 Beam Tilting Mechanism

            4.3       Huygen’s Metasurface

                        4.3.1 Design of Phase Delaying Elements

4.3.2 Design of Metasurface

            4.4       Aperture Coupled Antenna With The Metasurface

                        4.4.1 Beam Tilting Mechanism

                        4.4.2 Results

            4.5       Two Antenna Array With The Metasurface

            4.6       Conclusion

References

 

5.         Beam Switching and Wide Scan Antenna Array

            5.1       Introduction

            5.2       Gain Enhancement and Beam Deflection

5.2.1 CLL Unit Cell Design
5.2.2 Dipole Antenna with CLL Array

            5.3       Three Antenna Array

            5.4       Wide-Scan Antenna Array with CLL Array

            5.5       Beam Switching Antenna

            5.6       Results and Discussion

            5.7       Conclusion

                        References

6.         mmWave MIMO Antennas

            6.1       Introduction

6.2       MIMO Antenna Design

            6.3       Two and Four Element Antenna Development

            6.4       MIMO Antenna Performance Parameters

                        6.4.1 ECC and Multiplexing Efficiency

                        6.4.2 Diversity and Channel Capacity

            6.5       Results and Discussion

            6.6       Conclusion

                        References

 7.         mmWave Dual Polarization Antennas

            7.1       Introduction

            7.2       Antenna Polarization and Applications

                        7.2.1 Polarization Diversity

            7.3       Dual Polarization Antennas

            7.4       Generation of Dual-Polarization

            7.5       Two Port Dual-Polarization Antenna

                        7.5 1 Design and Radiation Characteristics

            7.6       Quad-Beam Antenna for 5G Massive MIMO Applications

                        7.6.1 Design of Superstrate

                        7.6.2 Radiation and MIMO Performance

            7.7       Results and Discussion

            7.9       Conclusion

                        References

   8.         Dual beam/Multibeam Antennas

         8.1       Introduction

         8.2       Dual-beam Antenna Array

8.2.1 Dual-beam MIMO and Performance

         8.3       Dual-Beam Radiation using Uniaxial Anisotropic Media

8.2.1 Theory and Mechanism of Single-EH Media

8.2.1 Gaussian Source and Dual beam Splitting

         8.4       Dipole Antenna with Single-EH Media

8.4.1 Radiation Pattern Study

         8.5       SIW Dipole Antenna with Single-EH Media

8.5.1 Metamaterial/Dielectric Realized Media with the Antenna

8.6       Prototype and Measurement Results

         8.7       Conclusion      

                     References

      

9.         mmWave Lens Antennas

         9.1       Introduction

         9.2       Lens Antennas and PDM Technique

         9.3       Thin Metamaterial Lens

9.3.1 Subwavelength Resonator Design

9.3.2 Configuration and Lens Design

9.3.2 Study of Lensing property  

         9.4       Circularly Polarized Antenna Array

         9.5       Antenna Array with Metamaterial Lens

         9.6       Measurement Results and Discussion

         9.7       Conclusion

  References

 Index

O autorze

Shiban K Koul is Emeritus Professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. His research interests include RF MEMS, high frequency wireless communication, microwave engineering, microwave passive and active circuits, device modelling, millimetre and sub-millimetre wave IC design, body area networks, flexible and wearable antennas, medical applications of sub-terahertz waves and reconfigurable microwave circuits including miniaturized antennas. He has successfully completed 38 major sponsored projects, 52 consultancy projects and 61 technology development projects. He has authored/co-authored 523 research papers, 16 state-of-the art books, 4 book Chapters and 2 e-books. He holds 23 patents, 6 copyrights and one trademark. He has guided 26 PhD theses and more than 120 master’s theses. He is Life Fellow of IEEE, USA, and Fellow of INAE and IETE in India.  He is Chief Editor of IETE Journal of Research and Associate Editor of the International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, Cambridge University Press. He served as Distinguished Microwave Lecturer of IEEE MTT-S for the period 2012–2014. He is recipient of numerous awards including IEEE MTT Society Distinguished Educator Award (2014) and Teaching Excellence Award (2012) from IIT Delhi, etc. 

 

Zamir Wani received M.Sc. degree in Electronics with gold medal from the University of Kashmir, India, in 2012 and the M.Tech. degree in RF and Microwave Engineering from the Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India, in 2015. He joined Centre for Applied Research in Electronics, IIT Delhi, as a full-time Ph.D. scholar in January 2016 and completed the degree in August 2020. At present he is working as Project Scientist at Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu. He has received Raj Mitra Grant in India (RGMI) Award presented at InCAP2018. He has authored or co-authored more than twelve articles in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings and has also filed one Indian patent. His main research interests include millimetre wave antennas, MIMO antennas, metamaterials, and computational electromagnetics. He serves as Reviewer of IEEE AWPL, IEEE Access, MOTL, IJMWT Cambridge, and JEMWA.