Modern Hot-Atom Chemistry and Its Applications

ISBN-13: 9783642680458 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 156 str.

T. Tominaga; E. Tachikawa

Opis

Hot-atom chemistry is a unique field of chemistry dealing with highly excited chemical species resulting from nuclear reactions or radioactive decay processes. Modern hot-atom chemistry includes a broad range of disciplines such as fundamental studies from physical chemistry of gas-phase energetic reactions to inorganic solid-state chemistry, as well as recent practical applications in life sciences and energy-related research. In spite of the importance of hot-atom chemistry and its appli cations, its relevance to the other fields of chemistry and related disciplines has attracted little attention and only books and review articles for dedicated hot-atom chemists have been published to date. In this volume, we illustrate the essential aspects of modern hot-atom chemistry for non-specialists, with considerable emphasis on its applications in the related fields. We sincerely hope that this volume can promote mutual understanding and collaboration between hot-atom chemists and researchers in other disciplines. After a brief introduction (Chap. 1) the 2nd chapter gives the non-specialist an idea of experimental techniques commonly used for the production and analysis of hot chemical species. In Chap. 3, we have explained the concepts of hot-atom reac tions in gas, liquid and solid phases with typical examples rather than a comprehensive review of the literature. In view of the current state of accomplishment, the greater part of this chapter is concerned with gas phase studies. Regarding the solid-phase hot atom chemistry, we have confined ourselves only to introducing new concepts and discussing modern aspects."

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 Experimental Techniques.- 2.1 Production of Energetic Atoms.- 2.2 Radiochemical Separation Techniques.- 2.2.1 Gas Phase: Radiogas Chromatography.- 2.2.2 Condensed Phase.- 2.3 Special Physical Techniques.- 2.3.1 Special Physical Techniques in Gas Phase Studies — Charge Spectrometry.- 2.3.2 Special Physical Techniques for Condensed Phase Studies.- 3 Characteristics of Hot Atom Reactions.- 3.1 Gas Phase Hot Atom Reactions.- 3.1.1 Theoretical Background.- 3.1.2 Gas Phase Hot Atom Reactions.- 3.1.3 Tritium.- 3.1.4 Fluorine.- 3.1.5 Chlorine.- 3.1.6 Bromine.- 3.1.7 Iodine.- 3.1.8 Carbon.- 3.1.9 Other Multivalent Elements.- 3.2 Liquid Phase Hot Atom Reactions.- 3.2.1 Organic Condensed Phase.- 3.2.2 Inorganic Liquid Systems.- 3.3 Solid Phase Hot Atom Reactions.- 4 Applications of Hot Atom Chemistry and Related Topics.- 4.1 Applications in Inorganic, Analytical and Geochemistry.- 4.1.1 Applications in Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry.- 4.1.2 Applications and Related Topics in Geochemistry.- 4.2 Applications in Physical Chemistry.- 4.3 Applications in Biochemistry and Nuclear Medicine.- 4.4 Hot Atom Chemistry in Energy-Related Research.- 4.5 Current Topics Related to Hot Atom Chemistry and Future Scope.