Modeling and Parameter Estimation in Respiratory Control

ISBN-13: 9781461278962 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 220 str.

M. C. K. Khoo

Opis

Experimentalists tend to revel in the complexity and multidimensionality of biological processes. Modelers, on the other hand, generally look towards parsimony as a guiding prin- ciple in their approach to understanding physiological systems. It is therefore not surprising that a substantial degree of miscommunication and misunderstanding still exists between the two groups of truth-seekers. However, there have been numerous instances in physiology where the marriage of mathematical modeling and experimentation has led to powerful in- sights into the mechanisms being studied. Respiratory control represents one area in which this kind of cross-pollination has proven particularly fruitful. While earlier modeling ef- forts were directed primarily at the chemical control of ventilation, more recent studies have extended the scope of modeling to include the neural and mechanical aspects pertinent to respiratory control. As well, there has been a greater awareness of the need to incorpo- rate interactions with other organ systems. Nevertheless, it is necessary from time to time to remind experimentalists of the existence of modelers, and vice versa. The 4th Annual Biomedical Simulations Resource (BMSR) Short Course was held in Marina Del Rey on May 21-22,1989, to acquaint respiratory physiologists and clinical researchers with state-of-the- art methodologies in mathematical modeling, experiment design and data analysis, as well as to provide an opportunity for experimentalists to challenge modelers with their more recent findings.

Spis treści

I: Modeling of Respiratory Control During Exercise.- Why and How One Models Exercise on a Computer (A Tutorial).- Analysis of the Exercise Hyperpnea Using Dynamic Work-Rate Forcing.- Optimal Regulation of Ventilation During Exercise.- Consequences of Lung Volume Optimization on Exercise Hyperpnea.- Experimental Design and Analysis for Assessing Gas Exchange Kinetics during Exercise.- II: Chemical Control of Ventilation — Empirical Models and Parameter Estimation.- Parameter Estimation Theory for Respiratory Physiology.- Dynamic End-Tidal Forcing Technique: Modeling the Ventilatory Response to Carbon Dioxide.- Dynamic Models and Parameter Estimation: The Hypoxic Ventilatory Response.- Design and Analysis of Experiments for Studying Hypoxic-Hypercapnic Interactions in Respiratory Control.- Estimation of Dynamic Chemoreflex Gain from Spontaneous Breathing Data.- III: Neural Control and Breathing Pattern Analysis.- A Three-Phase Model of Respiratory Rhythm Generation.- Conceptual Model of Ventilatory Muscle Recruitment and Diaphragmatic Fatigue.- Phase Resetting of the Respiratory Oscillator: Experiments and Models.- Distinguishing Random from Chaotic Breathing Pattern Behavior.- Forebrain Mechanisms Related to Respiratory Patterning During Sleep-Waking States.- IV: Sleep and Respiratory Control Stability.- Chemoreception in Sleep.- Potential Causes of Recurrent Apneas during Sleep.- Minimal Modeling of Human Respiratory Stability.- Sleep State and Periodic Respiration.- Modeling the Effect of Sleep State on Respiratory Stability.- Contributors.