Modeling and Diagnostics of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

ISBN-13: 9780387980676 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 420 str.

Ugur Pasaogullari; Chao-Yang Wang

Opis

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) or proton exchange m- brane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been suggested as alternatives to replace many existing energy conversion technologies, incl- inginternalcombustionenginesandbatteries.Themostsigni?cant advances in PEFC technology achieved in the last decade have occurredinareasrelatedtoautomotiveapplications, namelyco- start capabilities, enhanced durability and better understanding of watermanagementandmasstransportlosses. This volume of Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry is intendedtoprovideanoverviewofadvancementsinexperimental diagnosticsandmodelingofpolymerelectrolytefuelcells.Chapters byHuangandReifsniderandGuetal.provideanin-depthreview of the durability issues in PEFCs as well as recent developments in understanding and mitigation of degradation in the polymer membraneandelectrocatalyst. Enabling cold start, the startup of PEFC stacks from subzero temperatures, is a very important capability achieved only within thelastfewyears.TajiriandWangprovideatutorialoverviewofthe requirementsforcoldstart, andprovideasummaryofexperimental diagnosticsandcold-startmodelingstudies. Chapters 4-6 address speci?c diagnostic methods in PEFCs. Martin et al. provide a detailed review of methods for distributed diagnostics of species, temperature, and current in PEFCs in Chapter 4.In Chapter 5, Hussey and Jacobson describe the op- ationalprinciplesofneutronradiographyforin-situvisualizationof liquidwaterdistribution, andalsooutlineissuesrelatedtotemporal andspatialresolution.TsushimaandHiraidescribebothmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for visualization of water in PEFCsandtunablediodelaserabsorptionspectroscopy (TDLAS) formeasurementofwatervaporconcentrationinChapter6. Diffusionmedia(DM)areproneto?oodingwithliquidwater. AlthoughtheDMisanessentialcomponentofPEFCsthatenable distributionofspeciesandcollectionofcurrentandheat, littlewas knownaboutcapillarytransportinDMsuntilrecently.InChapters7 Gostick et al. provide a description of liquid water transport in porousDMduetocapillarityanddescribeexperimentaltechniques usedtocharacterizeDMproperties. v vi Preface The?naltwochaptersdiscussmodelingofPEFCs.Mukherjee and Wang provide an in-depth review of meso-scale modeling of two-phase transport, while Zhou et al. summarize both the s- ulation of electrochemical reactions on electrocatalysts and the transport of protons through the polymer electrolyte using at- isticsimulationtoolssuchasmoleculardynamicsandMonteCarlo techniques. Eachchapterinthevolumeisself-contained;thereforetheydo notneedtobereadinacertainorder. Special thanks are due to 23 authors who contributed to this volume.

Spis treści

Durability of PEM Fuel Cell Membranes.- Modeling of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly Degradation in Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells – Local H2 Starvation and Start–Stop Induced Carbon-Support Corrosion.- Cold Start of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells.- Species, Temperature, and Current Distribution Mapping in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells.- High-Resolution Neutron Radiography Analysis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy for In-Situ Water Diagnostics in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells.- Characterization of the Capillary Properties of Gas Diffusion Media.- Mesoscopic Modeling of Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells.- Atomistic Modeling in Study of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells – A Review.

Blurb

Topics in Number 49 include: • In-depth review of the durability issues in PEFCs • Understanding and mitigation of degradation in the polymer membrane and electrocatalyst • Summary of experimental diagnostics and modeling studies of cold start • Methods for distributed diagnostics of species, temperature and current in PEFCs • The operational principles of neutron radiography for in-situ visualization of liquid water distribution • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for visualization of water in PEFCs and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) for measurement of water vapor concentration • Liquid water transport in porous DM due to capillarity • Meso-scale modeling of two-phase transport • The atomistic simulations of electrochemical reactions on ectrocatalysts and the transport of protons through the polymer electrolyte From reviews of previous volumes: “This long-standing series continues its tradition of offering high quality reviews of established and emerging subject areas, together with the less common aspects of electrochemical science... [and]... deserves a place in electrochemistry libraries and should prove useful to electrochemists and related workers.” —Chemistry and Industry “Continues the valuable service that has been rendered by the Modern Aspects series.” —Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry “Will definitely be of much use to researchers in the field of electrochemistry. . . . The editors of this well-produced volume deserve all appreciation for maintaining the excellent standard of the series.” —Bulletin of Electrochemistry “Extremely well-referenced and very readable.... Maintains the overall high standards of the series.” —Journal of the American Chemical Society