Microelectronic Circuit Design for Energy Harvesting Systems

ISBN-13: 9783319475868 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 169 str.

Maurizio Di Paolo Emilio

Opis

This book describes the design of microelectronic circuits for energy harvesting, broadband energy conversion, new methods and technologies for energy conversion. The author also discusses the design of power management circuits and the implementation of voltage regulators. Coverage includes advanced methods in low and high power electronics, as well as principles of micro-scale design based on piezoelectric, electromagnetic and thermoelectric technologies with control and conditioning circuit design.

Spis treści

Introduction

1.1 Fundamentals

1.2 Sensors and Transducers

1.2.1 Temperature sensors

1.2.2 Magnetic field sensors

1.2.3 Potentiometers

1.2.4 Light Detection

1.3 Communications Cabling

1.3.1 Noise

1.4 Parameters

1.4.1 Noise

1.4.2 Settling time

1.4.3 DC input characteristics

References

The fundamentals of Energy Harvesting

2.1 What’s Energy?

2.2 Why Energy Harvesting?

2.3 Free Energy

2.4 Power Management Unit

2.5 Storage systems

References

Input Energy

3.1 Mechanical energy

3.2 Thermal Energy

3.3 Electromagnetic energy

3.4 Space Radiation

3.5 Solar Radiation

3.5.1 Photovoltaic cell

References

Electromagnetic transducers

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Electromagnetic Waves and Antenna

4.3 System Design

References

Piezoelectric transducers

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Materials

5.3 Model

5.4 System design

References

Thermoelectric transducers

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Seebeck and Peltier effect

6.3 Potential

6.4 Charges in a semiconductor with a temperature gradient

6.5 Thermoelectric effect

6.6 Thomson effect

6.7 Thermoelectric generator

6.8 Materials

6.9 Figure of merit

References

Electrostatic transducers

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Physical phenomena

7.3 Switching system

7.4 Continuos systems

7.5 Design

References

Powering microsystem

8.1 Power conditioning

8.2 Rectifier circuit

8.2.1 Bridge rectifier circuit

8.2.2 Zener diode as voltage regulator

8.2.3 Considerations

8.3 Piezoelectric biasing

8.4 Voltage Control

8.5 MPPT

8.6 Architecture

8.7 DC-DC systems

8.7.1 Linear regulators

8.7.2 Switching regulators

8.7.3 Buck converter

8.7.4 Boost converter

8.7.5 Buck-boost converter

8.7.6 Armstrong Oscillator

8.8 Load matching

8.9 AC-DC Systems

8.10 Electrical storage buffer

8.10.1 Supercapacitors

References

Low power circuits

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Review of Microelectronics

9.2.1 Basic of semiconductor’s physics

9.2.2 PN Junction

9.2.3 Diode

9.2.4 Bipolar Transistor: Emitter Follower

9.2.5 MOS Transistor

9.2.6 Differential Amplifiers

9.2.7 Feedback

9.2.8 Effects of feedback

9.2.9 Digital CMOS Circuits

9.2.10 CMOS Inverter

9.2.11 Current Mirror

9.2.12 Ideal Current Mirror

9.2.13 Current Mirror BJT/MOS

9.3 Low power MOSFET

9.3.1 General characteristics of a MOSFET

9.3.2 Mosfet Power Control

9.3.3 Stage of Amplification

9.3.4 Common Source

9.4 Analog Circuits

9.5 Operational Amplifier

9.6 Power supply and rejection

9.7 Low noise pre-amplifiers

References

Low-power solutions for biomedical / mobile devices

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Design of Wearable devices

10.3 RF Solutions for Mobile

10.3.1 Ferrite rod antenna

10.3.2 Circular spiral inductor antenna

10.3.3 Folded dipole

10.3.4 Microstrip Antenna

10.4 Power management

10.5 Ultra-low Power 2.4GHz RF Energy Harvesting and Storage System

References

Applications of Energy Harvesting

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Building Automation

11.3 Environmental monitoring

11.4 Structural Health monitoring

11.5 Automotive

11.6 Projects

11.7 Solar Infrastructure

11.8 Wind energy

11.9 Conclusions

References

Index

O autorze

Maurizio Di Paolo Emilio is a Ph.D. in Physics and a Telecommunication Engineer. He has worked on various international projects in the field of gravitational wave research. Working as a software/hardware developer in the data acquisition system, he participated as the designer of the thermal compensation system (TCS) for the optical system used in the Virgo Experiment (an experiment for detection of the gravitational wave). Actually, He works as Technical writer and electronic designer in the X-ray field to design new devices about High Voltage systems and Microbeam for radiobiological and microscopy applications. Di Paolo Emilio is also the author of numerous publications on electronics design, data acquisition system, PCB, IT and embedded system.

Blurb

This book describes the design of microelectronic circuits for energy harvesting, broadband energy conversion, new methods and technologies for energy conversion. The author also discusses the design of power management circuits and the implementation of voltage regulators. Coverage includes advanced methods in low and high power electronics, as well as principles of micro-scale design based on piezoelectric, electromagnetic and thermoelectric technologies with control and conditioning circuit design.  

• Provides a single-source reference to energy harvesting and its applications;
  
• Serves as a practical guide to microelectronics design for energy harvesting, with application to mobile power supplies;
  
• Enables readers to develop energy harvesting systems for wearable/mobile electronics.