Membrane Reactors: Distributing Reactants to Improve Selectivity and Yield

ISBN-13: 9783527320394 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 292 str.

Seidel-Morgenstern;¬Abar

Opis

This authoritative work represents a broad treatment of the field, including the basic principles of membrane reactors, a comparative study of these and conventional fixed-bed reactors or multi-tube reactors, modeling, industrial applications, and emerging applications -- all based on case studies and model reactions with a stringent mathematical framework.
The significant progress made over the last few years in this inherently hot multidisciplinary field is summarized in a competent manner, such that the novice can grasp the elementary concepts, while professionals can familiarize themselves with the latest developments in the area. For the industrial practitioner, this practical book covers all important current and potential future applications.

Spis treści

Preface
BASIC PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND POTENTIAL OF MEMBRANE REACTORS
Challenges in Chemical Reaction Engineering
Concepts of Membrane Reactors
Available Membranes
Illustration of the Selectivity Problem
Reaction Rate, Conversion, Selectivity and Yield
Distributed Dosing in Packed–Bed and Membrane Reactors
Kinetic Compatibility in Membrane Reactors
Current Status of Membrane Reactors of the Distributor Type
MODELING OF MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Momentum, Mass and Heat Balances
Transport Kinetics
Reduced Models
Solvability, Discretization Methods and Fast Solution
Implementation in FLUENT, MooNMD, COMSOL and ProMoT
Conclusion
CATALYSIS AND REACTION KINETICS OF A MODEL REACTION
Introduction
The Reaction Network of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane
Catalysts and Structure–Activity Relations
Derivation of a Kinetic Model
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN POROUS MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Aspects of Discretizing Convection–Diffusion Equations
Velocity Fields in Membrane Reactors
Determination of Transport Coefficients and Validation of Models
Analysis of Convective and Diffusive Transport Phenomena in a CMR
Parametric Study of a CMR
Conclusion
PACKED–BED MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Principles and Modeling
Model–Based Analysis of a Distributed Dosing via Membranes
Experimental
Results for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene
Results for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane
Summary and Conclusions
FLUIDIZED–BED MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Modeling of the Distributed Reactant Dosage in Fluidized Beds
Experimental
Conclusions
SOLID ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Operational and Material Aspects in Solid Electrolyte Membrane Reactors
Modeling of Solid Electrolyte Membrane Reactors
Membrane Reactors Applying Ion–Conducting Materials
Conclusions
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF MEMBRANE REACTORS
Introduction
Limit of Chemical Equilibrium
Pattern Formation
Conclusions
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MEMBRANE REACTORS
General Aspects Regarding Membrane Reactors of the Distributor Type
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane in Different Types of Membrane Reactors
General Conclusion

O autorze

Andreas Seidel–Morgenstern received his PhD in 1987 from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Between 1991 and 1992 he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. In 1994 he finished the Habilitation at the Technical University in Berlin. He has industrial experience with Schering AG (1995) and has consulted for various companies in the areas of separation science and reaction engineering. Since 1995 he has been Professor of Chemical Process Engineering at the Otto von Guericke University in Magdeburg. He was appointed to the position of Director at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems in Magdeburg in 2002 where he leads the department "Physical and Chemical Foundations of Process Engineering". Among his numerous awards, he received the Max Buchner Award of Dechema in 2000, the Otto von Guericke Research Award of the Magdeburg University in 2002 and in 2008 he received an Honoris Causa Doctorate from the Lappeenranta University in Finland. His current research interests include reaction engineering, heterogeneous catalysis, preparative chromatography and Enantioselective crystallization.

Blurb

The integration of porous and dense membranes in chemical reactors provides attractive possibilities to enhance the performance oft he reactor, e.g. an efficient selective removal of reaction products or the realization of optimized reactant dosing strategies. The latter approach, which permits improving selectivity and yield, is treated in this book. This authoritative work encompasses a broad spectrum of relevant topics and includes the basic principles of distributor–type membrane reactors, the analysis of relevant mass and heat transfer processes, experimental investigations for different types of membrane reactors and a comparison with classical reactors, all based on case studies and model reactions. The significant progress achieved over the last few years in this modern field of chemical reaction engineering is summarized in a competent manner including original material. The novice can grasp the elementary concepts and the professional can familiarize himself with the most recent developments in the area. For the industrial practitioner the book evaluates the potential for future applications.