Malaria Methods and Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781617372056 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 648 str.

Denise L. Doolan

Opis

The Plasmodium spp. parasite was identified as the causative agent of malaria in 1880, and the mosquito was identified as the vector in 1897. Despite subsequent efforts focused on the epidemiology, cell biology, immunology, molecular biology, and clinical manifestations of malaria and the Plasmodium parasite, there is still no licensed vaccine for the prevention of malaria. Physical barriers (bed nets, window screens) and chemical prevention methods (insecticides and mosquito repellents) intended to interfere with the transmission of the disease are not highly effective, and the profile of resistance of the parasite to chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic agents is increasing. The dawn of the new millennium has seen a resurgence of interest in the disease by government and philanthropic organizations, but we are still faced with compl- ities of the parasite, the host, and the vector, and the interactions among them. Malaria Methods and Protocols offers a comprehensive collection of protocols describing conventional and state-of-the-art techniques for the study of malaria, as well as associated theory and potential problems, written by experts in the field. The major themes reflected here include assessing the risk of infection and severity of disease, laboratory models, diagnosis and typing, molecular biology techniques, immunological techniques, cell biology techniques, and field applications.

Recenzje

"In this book, internationally respected scientists and clinicians describe in step-by-step detail their most useful conventional and cutting-edge techniques for the study of malaria." - Clinical Laboratory International

"This is an outstanding collection of protocols written by over eighty experts in the field. The geographical spread of these contributors is impressive, encompassing writers from thirteen countries on six continents. There is good stylistic continuity throughout the book, despite the diversity of the authors...there is admirable cross-referencing between chapters." -Molecular Biotechnology

Spis treści

Part I. Assessing Risk of Infection and Severity of Disease Vector Incrimination and Entomological Inoculation Rates John C. Beier Epidemiological Measures of Risk of Malaria J. Kevin Baird, Michael J. Bangs, Jason D. Maguire, and Mazie J. Barcus Part II. Laboratory Models Maintenance of the Plasmodium berghei Life Cycle Robert E. Sinden, Geoff A. Butcher, and A. L. Beetsma Mouse Models for Pre-Erythrocytic-Stage Malaria Laurent Rénia, Elodie Belnoue, and Irène Landau Mouse Models for Erythrocytic-Stage Malaria Latifu A. Sanni, Luis F. Fonseca, and Jean Langhorne Nonhuman Primate Models : I. Nonhuman Primate Host-Parasite Combinations William E. Collins Nonhuman Primate Models : II. Infection of Saimiri and Aotus Monkeys with Plasmodium vivax William E. Collins Part III. Diagnosis and Typing Vector Analysis John C. Beier Genotyping of Plasmodium spp.: Nested PCR Georges Snounou Genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum: PCR-RFLP Analysis Ingrid Felger and Hans-Peter Beck Microsatellite Analysis in Plasmodium falciparum Xin-zhuan Su and Michael T. Ferdig Quantitation of Liver-Stage Parasites by Automated TaqMan® Real-Time PCR Adam A. Witney, Robert M. Anthony, and Daniel J. Carucci Quantitation of Liver-Stage Parasites by Competitive RT-PCR Kyle C. McKenna and Marcelo R. S. Briones Part IV. Molecular Biology Techniques Extraction and Purification of Plasmodium Total RNA Till Voss Extraction and Purification of Plasmodium Parasite DNA Hans-Peter Beck Southern Blotting of Parasite DNA Tobias Spielmann SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting of Plasmodium falciparum Proteins Roland A. Cooper Nested PCR Analysis of Plasmodium Parasites Georges Snounou and BalbirSingh RFLP Analysis Hans-Peter Beck Analysis of Gene Expression by RT-PCR Peter Preiser In Situ Detection of RNA in Blood- and Mosquito-Stage Malaria Parasites Joanne Thompson Purification of Chromosomes from Plasmodium falciparum Daniel J. Carucci, Paul Horrocks, and Malcolm J. Gardner Construction of Genomic Libraries from the DNA of Plasmodium Species Leda M. Cummings, Dharmendar Rathore, and Thomas F. McCutchan Construction of a Gene Library with Mung Bean Nuclease-Treated Genomic DNA Dharmendar Rathore and Thomas F. McCutchan Construction of Plasmodium falciparum l cDNA Libraries David A. Fidock, Dharmendar Rathore, and Thomas F. McCutchan Production of Stage-Specific Plasmodium falciparum cDNA Libraries Using Subtractive Hybridization David A. Fidock, Thanh V. Nguyen, Brenda T. Beerntsen, and Anthony A. James Construction and Screening of YAC Libraries Cecilia P. Sanchez, Martin Preuss, and Michael Lanzer Episomal Transformation of Plasmodium berghei Chris J. Janse and Andrew P. Waters Gene Targeting in Plasmodium berghei Vandana Thathy and Robert Ménard Part V. Immunological Techniques Peptide Vaccination, Valentin Meraldi Jackeline F. Romero, and Giampietro Corradin DNA Vaccination Richard C. Hedstrom and Denise L. Doolan Assessing Antigen-Specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-Cell Responses in Mice After Immunization with Recombinant Viruses Moriya Tsuji Assessing CD4+ Helper T-Lymphocyte Responses by Lymphoproliferation Isabella A. Quakyi and Jeffrey D. Ahlers Limiting Dilution Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Responses in Mice Elsa Seixas, Jean Langhorne, and Stuart Quin Cell Trafficking: Malaria Blood-Stage Parasite-Specific CD4+ T Cells After Adoptive Transfer into Mice Chakrit

Blurb

Despite considerable scientific and medical effort over the past decades, malaria remains the most important human parasitic disease. It is responsible for up to 3 million deaths and another 300-500 million new cases each year, and is becoming resistant to the current chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic agents. In Malaria Methods and Protocols, internationally respected scientists and clinicians describe in step-by-step detail their most useful conventional and cutting-edge techniques for the study of malaria. Areas covered include clinical and laboratory diagnosis and typing, animal models, molecular biology, immunology, cell biology, vaccinology, laboratory models, and field applications. Each readily reproducible protocol has been tested, standardized, and optimized for experimental success, and includes many laboratory notes on troubleshooting, avoiding pitfalls, and interpreting results. Several of the most widely used methods are either described here in detail for the first time or have been thoroughly updated since their original publication (e.g., in vitro culture of Plasmodium parasites and in vitro growth inhibition assay).
State-of-the-art and highly practical, Malaria Methods and Protocols makes available to basic and applied researchers today's only comprehensive collection of essential laboratory methods for diagnosing malaria, characterizing the parasite, understanding the interaction between the human host and Plasmodium parasite, and developing effective preventive measures.