Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms: Uptake and Metabolism

ISBN-13: 9783642758140 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 359 str.

Wolfram R. Ullrich; Carmelo Rigano; Amodio Fuggi

Opis

Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms summarizes new experimental data, ideas and conclusions on the whole metabolic spectrum: - transport through the cell membranes, - the distribution within plant organs, - nitrate and nitrite reduction with their complicated genetic and physiological regulation, - the assimilation of ammonium and dinitrogen. Short reviews cover the dissimilatory reduction of the various inorganic nitrogen intermediates by bacteria, genetic regulation, and ecological and environmental problems. Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms will help readers understand recent developments in the field of inorganic nitrogen uptake and metabolism.

Spis treści

1 History and General Topics.- History.- Historical Perspectives of the Enzymes of Nitrate Assimilation by Crop Plants and Potential for Biotechnological Application.- Energetics.- Light Energy Utilization in Oxygenic Photosynthesis Sequential Energy Transduction in Photosynthesis.- Sequential Energy Transduction in Photosynthesis.- Nitrogen and Human Nutrition.- The Effect of Nitrogen on the Quality of Main Crops.- 2 Transport and Assimilation of Inorganic Nitrogen.- Eukaryotes.- Growth and Nitrate Uptake Properties of Higher Plants: Relations to External and Internal Nitrogen.- Transport of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds: Physiological Studies on Uptake and Assimilation.- New Regulatory Steps in Nitrate Assimilation of Lower and Higher Plants.- Accumulation and Vacuolar Remobilization of Nitrate in Catharanthus roseus Cells.- Nitrate Uptake in Catharanthus roseus Cells: Electrophysiological Effects.- Uptake of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds in an Acidophilic Alga.- Regulation of Inorganic Nitrogen Metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.- Prokaryotes.- Nitrate Transport in Cyanobacteria.- Targeted Mutagenesis of the 45 kDa Protein Inactivates Nitrate Transport in Synechococcus PCC 7942.- Nitrogen Metabolism in Heterotrophic Bacteria: Simultaneous Ammonia Inhibition of Nitrogen Fixation and Nitrate Uptake, and Divalent-Cation Regulation of Nitrate Uptake in Azotobacter chroococcum.- Ammonia Transport Systems Cyanobacteria.- Ammonia Uptake and Assimilation by Mutant Strains of the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis Resistant to Ammonia-Analogues.- 3 Carbon-Nitrogen Relationship.- Nitrogen Metabolism of Mutants of Barley Lacking Key Enzymes of Ammonia Assimilation.- The Greater 13C Natural Abundance in Nitrate-Grown than in Ammonium-Grown Ricinus communis is Mainly a Function of the Lower Ratio of CO2 Transport Limitation to Biochemical Limitation of Photosynthesis in Nitrate-Grown Plants, with Their Higher Organic Anion Content as a Less Significant Factor.- Interactions between Respiration and Nitrogen Assimilation during Photosynthesis.- Carbon Metabolism and Ammonium Assimilation under Light or Dark Conditions in N-Sufficient and N-Limited Unicellular Algae.- The Role of Amino Acids in the Regulation of Cyanobacterial Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase.- Regulation of Inorganic Nitrogen Metabolism in the Phototrophic Bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus E1F1.- The Regulation of the Reduction of Inorganic Nitrogen in Chlorophyllous Tissue: Uptake and Reduction of Nitrite by Intact Chloroplasts.- 4 Enzymes: Structure and Metabolic Regulation.- Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction.- Nitrate and Nitrite Utilization by Sunflower Plants.- The Role of NO3? and NH4+ Ions in the Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Higher Plants.- Blue Light Activation of Nitrate Reductase and Blue Light Promotion of the Biosynthesis of Nitrite Reductase in Monoraphidium braunii.- Controlled Proteolysis of Nitrate Reductase: Identification and Properties of Products.- The Regulation of Nitrate Assimilation in Yeast.- Participation of Pterin-Molybdenum Cofactor in the Regulation of Nitrate Reductase Activity and Signal Transduction during Light-Stimulated Conidiation of Neurospora crassa.- Nitrate Assimilation in the Non-N2-Fixing Cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum.- Biochemistry, Regulation and Genetics of Nitrite Reduction in Barley.- Nitrite Reduction in the Roots and Leaves of Pisum sativum.- Production of Nitrogen Oxides.- Production of Nitrous Oxide and Nitric Oxide by Some Nitrate-Respiring Bacteria.- Ammonia and Dinitrogen Assimilation.- Role of Amination and Transamination in Ammonium Incorporation in Chlamydomonas inhardtii.- NADP-Isocitrate Dehydrogenases in Higher Plants.- Regulation of Nitrogen Metabolism in Rhizobium.- Oxygen and Nitrogenase in Non-Heterocystous Cyanobacteria.- Properties of Three Ferredoxins from the Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus: Studies on Their Possible Role in Nitrogen Fixation.- 5 Enzymes: Genetics and Molecular Biology.- Eukaryotes.- Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics and Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, Tobacco and Tomato.- Molecular Characterization of Maize NADH:Nitrate Reductase.- Glutamine Synthetase of French Bean: From Genes to Isoenzymes.- Molecular Biology of Nitrate Assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.- Regulatory, Structural and Biotechnological Aspects of the Aspergillus nidulans Gene Cluster for Nitrate Assimilation.- Genetic Regulation of Nitrogen Metabolism in Neurospora crassa.- Prokaryotes.- Analysis of Nitrate Reduction Genes in Cyanobacteria.- Molecular Biology of the Assimilation of Nitrogenous Compounds by Cyanobacteria.- Genetic Control of Nitrogen Metabolism in the Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus.- Molecular Biology of Respiratory Nitrate Reduction (Denitrification) of Pseudomonas stutzeri.- 6 Distribution of Storage and Metabolism, Environmental Stress.- Influence of Nitrogen Source on Carbon Distribution in Plants Exhibiting the C3 and C4 Photosynthetic Pathways.- Role of Nitrate in Growth of Higher Plants with Emphasis on Regulation of Nitrate Accumulation.- Nitrogen Assimilation of Plants under Stress and High CO2 Concentrations.- Effect of UV-B (290–320 nm) Radiation on Uptake of 15N-Nitrate by Marine Diatoms.

O autorze

The book summarizes the latest results of research on uptake and metabolism of inorganic nitrogen by plants and microorganisms which plays an essential role in their nutrition.