Human-Machine Communication for Educational Systems Design

ISBN-13: 9783642851063 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 349 str.

Maddy D. Brouwer-Janse; Thomas L. Harrington

Opis

This book contains the papers presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on the Basics of Man-Machine Communication for the Design of Educational Systems, held August 16-26, 1993 in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. The ASI addressed the state of the art in the design of educational systems with respect to theories, enabling technologies and advanced applications and implementation issues. The topics discussed are grouped into four main subject areas: 1) Fundamentals of human perception and reasoning, 2) New media: enabling technologies, 3) Artificial Intelligence; software and design techniques, and 4) Advanced applications. This interdisciplinary approach, with a clear focus on the application domain of learning environments, provided the platform for interdisciplinary exchange and communication between the participants. The role of human perception and reasoning was presented in the context of design requirements. The construction of usable human-machine interfaces requires designers to be aware of the inherent competence of the human user. That is, a designer needs to understand the resources that the user brings to the interaction. This includes the general nature of human and world interactions; the nature of the human perceptual system; the natural learning processes by which the information given by the senses is transformed into knowledge of the world; the reasoning processes that allow humans to make inferences from that knowledge once acquired; and the ways in which acquired knowledge may be communicated to others through language.

Spis treści

1: Fundamentals of Human Perception and Reasoning.- Activity Theory: Implications for Human Computer Interaction.- Motion as a Variable of Visual Communication.- Laws of Visual Perception and Their Consequences for the User Interface.- Learning in Neural Networks.- The Probabilistic Retreat From Biases: Implications for Man-Machine Communication?.- Cognitive Load and the Acquisition of a Problem Solving Skill.- Referring in a Shared Workspace.- Rules in Dialogue.- Models of User Behaviour and Measures of Usability.- Behavioral and Perceptual Responses to the Constraints of Computer-Mediated Design.- The Acquisition of Troubleshooting Skill Implications for Tools for Learning.- Problems of Adaptive Action-Oriented User-Interfaces.- 2: New Media: Enabling Technologies.- New Human-Computer Interaction Techniques.- “Class, You’re Not Making Enough Noise!” The Case for Sound-Effects in Educational Software.- Electronic Books and their Potential for Interactive Learning.- A Change of View: The Parameter Projection Problem in Three-Dimensional View Setting.- Animated Icons Promote Learning of Their Functions.- Generating Natural Language in an Immersive Language Learning System.- 3: Artificial Intelligence, Software and Design Techniques.- Cooperative Problem Solving as a Basis for Computer Assisted Learning.- The Design of Interacting Agents for Use in Interfaces.- Simulator-Based Training Using a Learning Companion.- Knowledge-Based Interface for Existing Systems.- Dialogue of Partners as a Method of Non-Formal Problem Solving.- Modeling a Partner in a Dialogue.- A Visual Knowledge Elicitation Language and Methodology for Acquiring Non-Verbal Expertise.- Visual Programming of Robots in Virtual Environments.- 4: Advanced Applications.- Interactive Learning and Natural Language Systems.- The Learner’s Partner: Foreign Language Learning and Real World Encounters.- Psychological Peculiarities of Man-Machine Communication in Instructional Systems.- A Design for Accessing Multimedia Information Using Cohesion.- WISH: Writing Instruction Script in Hebrew.- A Method of Evaluating the Usability of a Prototype User Interface for CBT Courseware.- A Visual Display System for the Teaching of Intonation to Deaf Persons: An Explorative Study.- XProc Sim: An X Window Based GUI for the Dynamic Simulation of the Chemical Recovery Cycle of a Paper Pulp Mill.- Telephone Information System: Dialogue Specification Language.- Improving Functional Programming Environments for Education.- Designing an Intelligent Interface for an Advice-Giving System.- List of Participants.