High Temperature Superconductivity

ISBN-13: 9781461279211 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 403 str.

Jeffrey W. Lynn

Opis

One of the most exciting developments in modern physics has been the discovery of the new class of oxide materials with high superconducting transition temperature. Systems with Tc well above liquid nitrogen temperature are already a reality and higher Tc's are anticipated. Indeed, the idea of a room-temperature superconductor, which just a short time ago was considered science fiction, appears to be a distinctly possible outcome of materials research. To address the need to train students and scientists for research in this exciting field, Jeffrey W. Lynn and colleagues at the University of Maryland, College Park, as well as other superconductivity experts from around the U.S., taught a graduate-level course in the fall of 1987, from which the chapters in this book were drawn. Subjects included are: Survey of superconductivity (J. Lynn).- The theory of type-II superconductivity (D. Belitz).- The Josephson effect (P. Ferrell).- Crystallography (A. Santoro).- Electronic structure (C.P. Wang).- Magnetic properties and interactions (J. Lynn).- Synthesis and diamagnetic properties (R. Shelton).- Electron pairing (P. Allen).- Superconducting devices (F. Bedard).- Superconducting properties (J. Crow, N.-P. Ong).

Spis treści

1 Survey of Superconductivity.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. dc Electrical Resistance.- 1.3. Perfect Diamagnetism.- 1.4. Energy Gap.- 1.5. Electron-Phonon Interaction and Cooper Pairing.- 1.6. BCS Theory.- 1.7. Type-II Superconductors.- 1.8. New Topics in Superconductivity.- References.- 2 Theory of Type-II Superconductivity.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Ginzburg-Landau Theory.- 2.3. Microscopic Theory.- 2.4. Beyond Dirty Limit Theory.- References.- 3 The Josephson Effect.- 3.1. Phenomenology.- 3.2. Microscopic Theory.- 3.3. Quantum Effects.- 3.4. Summary.- References.- 4 Crystallography.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. The Rietveld Method.- 4.3. The Structure of Perovskite.- 4.4. The System BaPb 1?x BixO 3.- 4.5. The System La 2?x MxCuO 4?y (M = Ba, Sr).- 4.6. The System Ba 2 MCu3O ? (M = Y, Gd, Eu, etc.).- 4.7. The System Ba 2?x La1?x Cu3 O?.- 4.8. The System BiCaSr2 Cu2 O?.- 4.9. Materials With Crystallographic Shear.- References.- 5 Electronic Structure, Lattice Dynamics, and Magnetic Interactions.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Electronic Structure of La2?x (Ba,Sr)x CuO4.- 5.3. Electronic Properties of YBa2 Cu3 O7?x.- 5.4. Electronic Structure of the Bismuth and Thallium Superconductors.- 5.5. Electron-Phonon Interaction.- 5.6. Electron-Electron Correlations.- References.- 6 Synthesis and Diamagnetic Properties.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. The System La2?xM x CuO4?y (M = Ba, Sr, Ca).- 6.3. The System MBa2 Cu3 Ox(M = Rare Earth).- 6.4. Superconductivity above 100 K.- References.- 7 Thermal and Transport Properties.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Normal State Transport Properties of the High-TCOxides.- 7.3. Specific Heat.- 7.4. The Role of Phonons.- References.- 8 Magnetic Properties.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Cu-O Magnetism.- 8.3. Rare Earth Magnetism.- References.- 9 Electron Pairing: How and Why?.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Cooper Pairs.- 9.3. Bose Condensation.- 9.4. BCS Theory for T C.- 9.5. The Interaction in BCS Theory.- 9.6. The BCS Ground State.- 9.7. Off-Diagonal Long Range Order (ODLRO).- 9.8. Eliashberg Theory of Electron-Phonon Superconductors.- 9.9. Excitons and Plasmons.- 9.10. Spin Fluctuations.- 9.11. Weak versus Strong Coupling.- 9.12. Bipolarons.- 9.13. The Hubbard Model in Strong Coupling.- 9.14. RVB Theory.- 9.15. Oxygen Holes and Copper Spins.- 9.16. Postscript.- References.- 10 Superconducting Devices.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2 Cryotron.- 10.3 Josephson Device.- 10.4 A Voltage Standard.- 10.5 Single-Junction SQUID.- 10.6 SQUID Magnetometer.- 10.7 Two-Junction SQUIDs.- 10.8 Binary Counter.- 10.9 Sampling Oscilloscope.- 10.10 Transmission Lines.- 10.11. Conclusion.- References.- Chemical Formula Index.