Hepatitis B and D Protocols: Volume 2: Immunology, Model Systems, and Clinical Studies

ISBN-13: 9781588291080 / Angielski / Twarda / 2004 / 572 str.

Johnson Y. N. Lau; Robert Kiyoshi Hamatake; Robert K. Hamakake

Opis

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, there are still 400 million people, worldwide who are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). For them, the vaccine, as currently applied, has no value. Given the possible consequences of HBV infection, the number of those chronically infected with HBV presents an enormous public health challenge. For example, the major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is chronic infection with HBV. Although fifth in cancer incidence, worldwide, HCC/liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death. The high mortality as- ciated with HCC arises because the disease is often detected late and is unresponsive to treatment. The number of deaths caused by PHCC is expected to rise over the next 20 years. Those chronically infected with HBV have a life risk of death to HCC of between 10 and 25%. Even the limited efficacy of drugs for the treatment of chronic HBV helps underscore the point that this disease is responsive to therapy. Drugs that target the polymerase (e. g., hepsera and lamivudine) and interferon alpha represent two distinct strategies and show that both conventional antiviral and immunothe- peutic approaches can be used in management. However, the current inventory of therapeutics is inadequate. Interferon alpha is of limited value, only parenterally ava- able, and fraught with adverse reactions.

Recenzje

"Both volumes provide an excellent reference for background information and detailed experimental investigations for both Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D. A major attribute of the volumes is that as they cover a wide range of subjects, the reader has the opportunity to access information they would not normally encounter. Volumes 1 and 2 are an excellent reference source and the methodologies described present the opportunity for both new and experienced researchers to study the molecular aspects of HBV and HDV infection."-SGM Quarterly

"...an excellent reference for background information and detailed experimental investigations for both Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D..." - Microbiology Today

Spis treści

Part I. Viral-Specific Immunological and Other Host Responses Studying Host Immune Responses Against Duck Hepatitis B Virus Infection Darren S. Miller, Edward M. Bertram, Catherine A. Scougall, Ieva Kotlarski, and Allison R. Jilbert Measurement of Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Woodchucks Stephan Menne and Paul J. Cote Study of Liver-Specific Expression of Cytokines During Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Infection Mengji Lu and Michael Roggendorf Induction of Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Immune Responses Through DNA Immunization Michael Geissler, Robert Weth, Christian F. Grimm, Dörte Ortmann, and Hubert E. Blum Monitoring Gene Expression Using DNA Microarrays During Hepatitis B Virus Infection Michael R. Beard and Stephen Locarnini Determination of Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Activity in the Liver Michelina Nascimbeni and Barbara Rehermann Determining the Precursor Frequency of HBV Nucleocapsid Antigen-Specific T Cells Jennifer A. Waters and Howard C. Thomas Detection and Characterization of Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Using the Tetramer Approach Xiao-Song He and Harry B. Greenberg In Vitro Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Specific CD4+ T Cells Shilpa Chokshi and Nikolai V. Naoumov Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to Hepatitis Delta Virus Through DNA Immunizaiton in BALB/c Mice Ren-Shiang Lee, Shih-Jer Hsu, Li-Rung Huang, Hui-Lin Wu, Shiou-Lin Lin, Ding-Shinn Chen, and Pei-Jer Chen Part II. In Vitro and In Vivo Models Infection of Primary Chimpanzee Hepatocytes with Recombinant Hepatitis D Virus Particles: A Surrogate Model for Hepatitis B Virus Azeneth Barrera and Robert E. Lanford Study of the Endocytosis and Intracellular Localization of Subviral Particles of Hepatitis B Virus in Primary Hepatocytes Dieter Glebe and Wolfram H.Gerlich The Tupaia Model for the Study of Hepatitis B Virus: Direct Infection and HBV Genome Transduction of Primary Tupaia Hepatocytes Fritz von Weizsäcker, Josef Köck, Sabine MacNelly, Shaotang Ren, Hubert E. Blum, and Michael Nassal Delivery of Hepatitis B Virus Therapeutic Agents Using Asialoglycoprotein Receptor-Based Liver-Specific Targeting Masayoshi Konishi, Catherine H. Wu, and George Y. Wu Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Hepatocyte Culture Models Norma D. Churchill and Tomasz I. Michalak Duck Hepatitis B Virus Primary Hepatocyte Culture Model Olivier Hantz and Fabien Zoulim Enhancement of Infection of HepG2 Cells in Culture by Predigestion of Hepadnavirus with V8 Protease Xuanyong Lu and Timothy M. Block Construction of Recombinant Adenoviruses that Produce Infectious Hepatitis B Virus Martin Sprinzl, Jérôme Dumortier, and Ulrike Protzer Baculovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer for the Study of Hepatitis B Virus Harriet C. Isom, Ayman M. Abdelhamed, John P. Bilello, and Thomas G. Miller Transgenic Hepatitis B Virus Mouse Model in the Study of Chemotherapy John D. Morrey Transplantation of Human Hepatocytes in Immunodeficient UPA Mice: A Model for the Study of Hepatitis B Virus Jörg Petersen, Martin R. Burda, Maura Dandri, and Charles E. Rogler Duck Hepatitis B Virus Model in the Study of Hepatitis B Virus Lucyna Cova and Fabien Zoulim Hepatitis B Virus Transgenic Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mouse Model of Acute and Chronic Liver Disease Mark A. Feitelson, Jonathan D. Larkin, and Raymond F. Schinazi The Chimpanzee Model: Contributions and Considerations for Studies of Hepatitis B Virus Pascal Gagneux and Elaine A. Muchmore Hepatitis B in Liver Transplant Recipients as a Special Model of Antiviral Drug Development Robert G. Gish and Adil

Blurb

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, there are still 400 million people worldwide who are chronically infected with the hepatitis B and D viruses (HBV and HDV), and more work still needs to be done in all of the key areas of managing the disease. In Hepatitis B and D Protocols, leading investigators and clinicians have joined forces to create a broad-ranging collection of cutting-edge techniques for the study of HBV and HDV infections and for the development of therapies to treat them. In this second of two volumes, Immunology, Model Systems, and Clinical Studies, the authors focus on protocols for the study of host immune responses to infection, in vitro and in vivo models of infection, and the development of antivirals. Each fully tested protocol is described in step-by-step detail by an established expert in the field and includes a background introduction outlining the principle underlying the technique, equipment and reagent lists, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. An accompanying first volume, Detection, Genotypes, and Characterization, contains user-friendly protocols for the identification and quantification of viral markers, the detection and impact of viral variants, and the study of the viral life cycle.
Taken together, Hepatitis B and D Protocols, Volume 1: Detection, Genotypes, and Characterization and Volume 2: Immunology, Model Systems, and Clinical Studies offer both new and experienced investigators an encyclopedic collection of powerful tools for studying HBV and HDV infections, as well as an essential resource for finding new therapies to treat chronically infected patients.