Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis

ISBN-13: 9781118369265 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 368 str.

James G. Speight

Opis

Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery - Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications
- Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products
- Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods
- Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented

Spis treści

Preface xv

1 Petroleum and Petroleum Products 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Perspectives 2

1.3 Definitions 4

1.4 Petroleum Refining 14

1.5 Petroleum Products 16

References 23

2 Analytical Methods 26

2.1 Introduction 26

2.2 Chemical and Physical Analyses 27

2.3 Chromatographic Analyses 31

2.4 Spectroscopic Analyses 34

2.5 Molecular Weight 41

2.6 Instability and Incompatibility 42

2.7 The Future 43

References 44

3 Sampling and Measurement 48

3.1 Introduction 48

3.2 Sampling 49

3.3 Volume Measurement 51

3.4 Method Validation 52

3.5 Quality Control and Quality Assurance 54

3.6 Assay and Specifications 56

References 67

4 Gases 71

4.1 Introduction 71

4.2 Types of Gases 72

4.3 Sampling 77

4.4 Storage 77

4.5 Test Methods 78

References 83

5 Naphtha and Solvents 88

5.1 Introduction 88

5.2 Production and Properties 89

5.3 Test Methods 91

5.4 Storage 98

References 98

6 Gasoline 104

6.1 Introduction 104

6.2 Production and Properties 104

6.3 Volatility Requirements and Other Properties 106

6.4 Octane Rating 110

6.5 Additives 111

6.6 Test Methods 112

References 120

7 Aviation and Marine Fuels 126

7.1 Introduction 126

7.2 Production and Properties 126

7.3 Test Methods 127

References 136

8 Kerosene 141

8.1 Introduction 141

8.2 Production and Properties 141

8.3 Test Methods 143

References 150

9 Diesel Fuel 155

9.1 Introduction 155

9.2 Production and Properties 155

9.3 Test Methods 156

References 165

10 Distillate Fuel Oil 169

10.1 Introduction 169

10.2 Production and Properties 171

10.3 Test Methods 172

References 180

11 Residual Fuel Oil 186

11.1 Introduction 186

11.2 Production and Properties 186

11.3 Test Methods 187

References 201

12 White Oil 207

12.1 Introduction 207

12.2 Production and Properties 209

12.3 Test Methods 209

References 217

13 Lubricating Oil 222

13.1 Introduction 222

13.2 Production and Properties 222

13.3 Used Lubricating Oil 228

13.4 Test Methods 230

References 238

14 Grease 244

14.1 Introduction 244

14.2 Production and Properties 245

14.3 Test Methods 248

References 252

15 Wax 255

15.1 Introduction 255

15.2 Production and Properties 256

15.3 Test Methods 257

References 263

16 Residua and Asphalt 265

16.1 Introduction 265

16.2 Production and Properties 267

References 280

17 Coke, Carbon Black, and Graphite 285

17.1 Introduction 285

17.2 Production and Properties 286

17.3 Test Methods 290

References 294

18 Use of the Data 296

18.1 Introduction 296

18.2 Feedstock and Product Evaluation 297

18.3 Feedstock and Product Mapping 298

18.4 Structural Group Analyses 300

18.5 Epilogue 302

References 302

Appendix: Tables of ASTM Standard Test Methods for Petroleum and Petroleum Products 304

Conversion Factors 323

Glossary 324

Index 341

O autorze

James G. Speight, PhD has doctorate degrees in Chemistry, Geological Sciences, and Petroleum Engineering and is the author of more than 60 books in petroleum science, petroleum engineering, and environmental sciences. He has more than 40 years of experience in the process industries, is the author of numerous books and papers, is the senior editor of three journals, and has won numerous awards and distinctions. 

Blurb

An increasing variety of petroleum feedstocks has produced an ever diversifying series of changes in petroleum products. Consequently, new analytical techniques are constantly being developed in order to determine the appropriate applications for these new products and how these products might meet specifications.  The Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis Second Edition provides detailed explanations of the necessary standard tests and procedures that are applicable to these products in order to determine the predictability of their behavior. 

This book also describes the application of methods for determining the instability and incompatibility of petroleum products. More importantly, the Handbook provides details of the meaning of various test results and how they might be applied to predict product behavior. Written in a readable style that makes the book easy to use the Handbook explains the reason for using various testing methods, making a case for standardizing protocols. Chapters include:

Gases

Naphtha and Solvents

Aviation and Marine Fuel

Kerosene

Distillate Fuel Oil

Residual Fuel Oil

White Oil

Lubricating Oil (including used oil)

Residua and Asphalt

Coker, Carbon Black, and Graphite

Now in its Second edition, the Handbook has been rewritten to include new and evolving test methods and includes test methods for various environmental regulations related to petroleum products. Chemists and engineers in the refining industry, as well as students, will find Dr. Speight′s Handbook to be an accessible, invaluable guide to understanding the methods for analyzing petroleum products.