Glycobiology Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781617376382 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 382 str.

Inka Brockhausen

Opis

Glycobiology involves studies of complex carbohydrates and posttrans- tional modifications of proteins, and has become an important interdiscip- nary field encompassing chemistry, biochemistry, biology, physiology, and pathology. Although initial research was directed toward elucidation of the different carbohydrate structures and the enzymes synthesizing them, the field has now moved toward identifying the functions of carbohydrates. The pro- cols described in Glycobiology Protocols form a solid basis for investigations of glycan functions in health and disease. The cloning of many of the genes participating in glycosylation processes has helped to enhance our knowledge of how glycosylation is controlled, but has also added another dimension of complexity to the great heterogeneous variety of the structures of the oligos- charides of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycolipids. A family of similar enzyme proteins exists for each glycosylation step.Glycosyltransferases are extremely specific for both the nucleotide sugar donor and the acceptor s- strate, but many other factors control sugar transfer, including the locali- tion and topology of enzymes, cofactors, possible chaperone proteins, and the availability of sugar acceptor substrates. The analysis of the intracellular organization of glycosylation and of the factors controlling the activities of the participating enzymes in the cell are important areas that need more research efforts. Another challenge for future research is to understand the glycodynamics of a cell, that is, how the cell responds to stimuli leading to biological and pathological changes in terms of alterations in glycosylation, and how this affects the biology of the cell.

Recenzje

"...a very valuable handbook for a wide audience of specialists involved in studies of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-containing biopolymers; glycobiologists, biochemists, bioorganic chemists, and molecular and cell biologists." -Biochemistry

Spis treści

The Application of Fluorophore-Assisted Carbohydrate Electrophoresis (FACE) for the Study of the Dolichol Pyrophosphate-Linked Oligosaccharides Pathway in Cell Cultures and Animal Tissues Ningguo Gao Partial Purification of Mannosylphosphorylundecaprenol Synthase from Micrococcus luteus: A Useful Enzyme for the Biosynthesis of a Variety of Mannosylphosphorylpolyisoprenol Products Jeffrey S. Rush and Charles J. Waechter Assay of Dolichyl-Phospho-Mannose Synthase Reconstituted in a Lipid Matrix John S. Schutzbach O-Mannosylation in Mammalian Cells Tamao Endo and Hiroshi Manya Methods for Analysis of Unusual Forms of O-glycosylation Aleksandra Nita-Lazar and Robert S. Haltiwanger Structural Analysis of Naturally Occurring Sialic Acids Johannis P. Kamerling and Gerrit J. Gerwig Non-Radioactive Trans-Sialidase Screening Assay Silke Schrader and Roland Schauer Structural Determination of O-Glycans by Tandem Mass Spectrometry Catherine Robbe, Jean-Claude Michalski, and Calliope Capon Detailed Structural Analysis of N-glycans Released from Glycoproteins in SDS-PAGE Gel Bands Using HPLC Combined with Exoglycosidase Array Digestions Louise Royle, Catherine M. Radcliffe, Raymond A. Dwek, and Pauline M. Rudd Molecular Modelling of Glycosyltransferases Anne Imberty, Michaela Wimmerova, Jaroslav Koca, and Christelle Breton b-Galactoside a2,6 Sialyltransferase (ST6Gal.I) and the Sialyl a2,6-galactosyl-linkage in Tissues and Cell Lines Fabio Dall'Olio, Nadia Malagolini, and Mariella Chiricolo Visualizing Intracellular Distribution and Activity of Core 2 b(1,6)N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I (C2GnT-I) in Living Cells Maelle Prorok-Hamon, Sylvie Mathieu, and Assou El-Battari Gene Expression Analysis of Glycosylation-Related Genes by Real-Time PCR Juan J. Garcia-Vallejo, Sonja I. Gringhuis, Willem van Dijk, and Irma van Die Analysis of the Glycodynamics of Primary Osteoblasts and Bone Cancer Cells Inka Brockhausen, Xiaojing Yang, and Mark Harrison Micromethods for the Characterization of Lipid A-Core and O Antigen Lipopolysaccharide Cristina L. Marolda, Piya Lahiry, Enrique Vines, Soledad Saldias, and Miguel A. Valvano Assays for a Galactosyltransferase Involved in the Assembly of the O7 Antigen Repeat Unit of Escherichia coli Inka Brockhausen, Walter A. Szarek, John G. Riley, and Jason Vlahakis High Through-Put Quantitation of Metabolically Labeled Anionic Glycoconjugates by Scintillation Proximity Assay Utilizing Binding to Cationic Dyes Karen J. Rees-Milton and Tassos P. Anastassiades Quantitative Analysis of Mucins in Mucosal Secretions Using Indirect ELISA Pablo Argueso and Ilene K. Gipson Molecular Dissection of the Mouse Zona Pellucida: An Electron Microscopic Perspective Utilizing High Resolution Colloidal-Gold Labeling Methods Frederick W.K. Kan Soluble Adamantly GSL Analogues as Probes of GSL Function Clifford Lingwood, Skanda Sadacharan, Maan Abul-Milh, Murugespillai Mylvaganum, and Marcus Peter Diagnosis of Krabbe Disease by Use of a Natural Substrate John W. Callahan and Marie-Anne Skomorowski In Vitro Assays of the Functions of Calnexin and Calreticulin, Lectin-Chaperones of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Breanna S. Ireland, Monika Niggemann, and David B.Williams Quantitative Measurement of Selectin-Ligand Interactions: Assays to Identify a Sweet Pill in a Library of Carbohydrates Mark E. Beauharnois, Sriram Neelamegham, and Khushi L. Matta Sialic Acid Binding Specificities of Siglecs Nadine Bock and Soerge Kelm