Equidosimetry: Ecological Standardization and Equidosimetry for Radioecology and Environmental Ecology

ISBN-13: 9781402036484 / Angielski / Twarda / 2005 / 436 str.

F. Brechignac; G. Desmet; F. Brichignac

Opis

Considerable experience with radioecological and related ecological research on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems has been achieved, especially after the Chernobyl accident. The combined effects of the radiation, chemical and biological factors, after a contamination of the environment and during its remediation have shown an interactive complexity that highlights the need for equidosimetrical evaluations of the influence of the various stressors and the need for their ecological normalization. In radioecology and radiation protection, methods of radiation dosimetry are key for dose assessment. It is therefore highly desirable to develop a clear theoretical approach as well as a practical method of equidosimetry that would allow for an ecological normalization of the different stressors in unified uniform units, especially for comparison purposes.

Spis treści

Part 1. Approaches to ecological standardization. Problems of ecological standardization and dosimetry of action of different factors on biota of ecosystems.- The principal approaches to standardization of technogenic contamination of the environment;.- Estimation of parameters of radiocapacity of biota in the ecosystem; criteria of their well-being.- Part 2. Approaches to Equidosimetry in Ecology. Equidosimetry : A reflection of risk assessment.- An equi-dosimetric approach to the comparison of radation and chemical effects on natural populations of aquatic organisms. Determination of hetergeneity of biota as a perspective parameter of ecological standardization.- Phytoviruses as indicators of environment.- Protein and radioactive levels of Patella coerulea Linnaeus around Dardanelles.- Equidosimetric comparison of efficiency of gamma-irradiation and chemical toxic agents (copper and phenol) on the red algae of black sea.-Macrophytes as bioindicators of radionuclide contamination in ecosystems of different aquatic bodies in Chernobyl exclusion zone.-Effects of radioactive and chemical pollution on plant virus frequency distribution.- Species diversity as a factor of radiostability of algal cenosis.- Part 3. Radioecology and Ecotoxicology in General Ecology. Modern problems of ecotoxicology.-Ecosystem GIS-modeling in ecotoxicology.- Mapping transfer parameters of radionuclides in terrestrial environments.- Radioecological factors of the geological environment within Ukranian territory.-Behaviour of the radionuclides in peat soils.-Evaluation of the effect of Dnipro river reservoirs on coastal landscapes.-Radiation effects on the populations of soil invertebrates in Belarus.- Part 4. Problems of Estimation of Risks from Different Factors. Generalized ecosystem indices: Ecological scaling and ecological risk.- Ecological risk assessment as a method for integrating risks from multiple stressors at hazardous waste sites.- Comparing risks from exposure to radionuclides and other carcinogens at arctic coal mines.- Risk due to joint chemical and radiationcontamination of food.- Part 5. Problems of Synergism of Different Pollutants. Synergetic effects of different pollutants and equidosimetry.- The behaviour of radionuclides and chemical contaminants in terrestrial and water ecosystems of Urals region.- Synergism of low dose chronic radiation and biotic stress for plants.- Comparative study of the effects on endocrine disruptor and ionizing radiation with plant bioassay.- Part 6. Genetic Factors, Environment and Toxicants. Cytogenetic effects in plants after weak and combined exposures and a problem of ecological standardization.- Role of various components of ecosystems in biochemical migration of pollutants of antropogenic origin in forests.- An assessment of disruptions in biosystems under conditions of intensive radionuclide contamination of water bodies.- Ecological inspection of military object.- The procedure of military sites rehabilitation with optimal planning of tender orders.- Modeling and simulation of 137Cs migration in boreal forest ecosystems.- Behavior Cs-137 and Sr-90 on fish ponds in Ukraine.- Genetic effects of chronic gamma-irradiation at a low dose rate: experimental study om CBA/LAC mice.- Part 7. Applied Radioecology and Ecotoxicology. Methods and tasks of radiation monitoring of forest ecosystems.- Similarities and differences in behaviour of Cs-137, K-40 and Be-7 in natural ecosystems.- Heavy metals accumulation by agricultural crops grown on various types of soil in Polessje zone of Ukraine.- The brillant blue method for water soluble Chernobyl Cs-137 behaviour estimation in soils of south Belarus.- Aquatic ecosystems within the Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone: The latest data on radionuclide contamination and absorbed dose for hydrobionts.- Role of high plants in redistribution of radionuclides in w