Enzyme- And Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions: Progress and Future Challenges

ISBN-13: 9781441908391 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 746 str.

K. Sandy Pang; A. David Rodrigues; Raimund Peter

Opis

The goal of this book is to provide a comprehensive view of the scientific bases on issues surrounding the importance of drug-enzyme and drug-transporter interactions and the quantitative predictions of clinically relevant transporter and enzyme based interactions. Although much progress has been made in predicting in vivo metabolic drug interactions based on in vitro studies, the quantitative prediction of clinically relevant transporter-and enzyme based drug interactions remains to be a challenge. The more complex metabolic drug interactions such as inductive, mechanism-based and allosteric drug interactions render difficulty for prediction in vivo. This book will further assess the progress made in quantitatively predicting metabolic and transporter-based drug interactions as well as highlight areas where such predictions are poor or not possible.

Spis treści

Section I: Determinants of Drug ADME 1. Enzymatic Basis Of Phase I And Phase II Drug Metabolism 2. Transporters: Importance In Drug Absorption, Distribution And Elimination 3. ADME Pharmacogenetics and Its Impact on Drug-Drug Interactions 4. Impact Of Nuclear Receptors, CAR, PXR, FXR, And VDR, And Their Ligands On Enzymes And Transporters 5. Impact of Physiological Determinants: Flow, Binding, Transporters And Enzymes On Organ and Total Body Clearances Section II: Methods For The Study Of Drug-Drug Interactions 6. In Silico Approaches to Predict Drug-Drug Interactions 7. In Vitro Techniques To Study Drug-Drug Interactions Of Drug Metabolism: Cytochrome P450 8. In Vitro Characterization Of Inhibitory Drug-Drug Interactions Involving UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 9. In Vitro Techniques To Study Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interactions 10. In Vitro Techniques To Study Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Transport: Caco-2 Model For Study Of P-Glycoprotein And Other Transporters 11. Use Of In Vivo Animal Models To Assess Drug-Drug Interactions 12. Extrapolation of In Vitro Metabolic and P-Glycoprotein-mediated Transport Data To In Vivo By Modeling and Simulations 13. Translation Of In Vitro Metabolic Data To Predict In Vivo Drug-Drug Interactions: IVIVE And Modeling And Simulations 14. Absorption Models To Examine Bioavailability And DDI’s In Humans 15. Management Of Drug Interactions Of New Drugs In Multicenter Trials Using The Metabolism & Transport Drug Interaction Database© 16. Web-Based Database As A Tool To Examine Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Transporters Section III: Impact Of Drug-Drug Interactions 17. Drug Disposition And Drug-Drug Interactions: Importance Of First-Pass Metabolism In Gut And Liver 18. Transporter Based Drug-Drug Interactions And Their Effect On Distribution Volumes 19. Inactivation Of Human Cytochrome P450Enzymes And Drug-Drug Interactions 20. Allosteric Enzyme And Transporter Based Interactions 21. Interplay Of Transporter-Drug Interaction: Complications Of Both Inhibitory And Inductive Events In Drug-Drug Interaction 22. Herbal Supplement-Based Interactions 23. Anticipating And Minimizing Drug Interactions In A Drug Discovery And Development Setting: Industrial Perspective 24. Clinical Studies Of Drug-Drug Interactions: Design And Interpretation 25. Toxicological Consequences Of Drug Drug Interactions Section IV: Regulatory Aspects And Future Developments Involving DDI 26. Complex Drug Interactions: Significance And Evaluation 27. DDI: Labeling And Marketing Perspectives 28. Drug-Drug Interactions: What Have We Learnt And Where Are We Going?

O autorze

K. Sandy Pang Ph.D. is Professor of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine at the University of Toronto. She received her B.S. (Pharmacy) from the University of Toronto, Ph.D. (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) from UCSF and post-doctoral training with Dr. James R. Gillette as a Fogarty International Fellow at the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Pang’s work spans the fields of pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism and transporters and their regulation. Her research programs are aimed towards a mechanistic-based understanding of the handling of drugs and their metabolites within the liver, the intestine, and kidney via integration of relevant processes into physiologically-based models, encompassing state-of-the-art experimentation and theory. Her work emphasizes the presence of immediate removal of formed metabolites in situ the eliminating organ that reveals differences in the fates of formed vs. preformed metabolites because of transmembrane barriers, enzyme heterogeneity, enzymatic coupling, and kinetics of successive formation of metabolites. Recent studies focused on the continuation of metabolite PBPK modeling, siRNA disposition, and the role of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃-liganded vitamin D receptor on the regulation of transporters and enzymes. Dr. Pang has published over 200 original articles and chapters. She has served on various committees for NIH ASPET, AAPS, ISSX, and AAAS. She is the editor-in-chief of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition, and is a member of the editorial review boards of the American Journal of Physiology, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, and AAPS Journal. She was the recipient of the NIH Research Career Development Award, Faculty Development award from the Medical Research Council of Canada, the McNeil Award from the Faculties of Pharmacies in Canada, and the Research Achievement Award in Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism from the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS).

A. David Rodrigues is Executive Director of the Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Department, Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, at Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey. The author and co-author of over ninety peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters, Dr. Rodrigues sits of the Editorial Board of three journals (Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Current Drug Metabolism, and Drug Metabolism Letters) and is member of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) and the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS). He received the B.Sc. degree (1984) in applied science from Kingston-upon-Thames Polytechnic, Surrey, England, and the Ph.D. degree (1988) in biochemistry from the University of Surrey, Guildford, England.

Raimund M. Peter is Associate Director of the Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Section, Cardiovascular & Gastrointestinal Research Department, at AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, United Kingdom. The author and co-author of twenty peer-reviewed journal articles, Dr. Peter is the current Chairman of the Drug Metabolism Focus Group of AAPS and is member of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX), the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS), and the American Chemical Society. He received the Dipl.-Chem. degree (1986) in chemistry, and the Ph.D. degree (1992) in chemistry & biochemical pharmacology from the University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany.

Blurb

This volume is authored by esteemed experts in the field, and provides state-of-the art knowledge related to enzyme- and transporter-based DDIs that impact the absorption and disposition of drugs. It examines the types of DDIs, methodological approaches to evaluate and view DDIs mechanistically, bioinformatics, clinical and toxicological outcomes, and regulatory recommendations. As much as possible, the future challenges and opportunities that lie ahead are presented and discussed. Special emphases are placed on the quantitative assessment of the roles of different transporters, need for more specific probes and inhibitors, and recognition of extrahepatic eliminating organs. Future approaches should integrate transporters and enzymes to accelerate the development of physiological based-pharmacokinetic models (PBPK-DDI) and information related to inter-subject variability. In addition, the authors look beyond small molecules and consider DDIs involving biologic agents, such as therapeutic antibodies, that can bring about pharmacologically significant drug-cytokine or drug-endocrine interactions.