Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Theory, Experiments and Applications

ISBN-13: 9783211822470 / Angielski / Miękka / 1990 / 264 str.

Frank Rattay

Opis

Functional electrical stimulation is the most important application in the field of clinical treatment with currents or magnetism. This technique artificially generates neural activity in order to overcome lost functions of the paralized, incontinent or sensory handicapped patient. Electricity and magnetism is also used in many cases, e.g., to stimulate bone growth or wound healing. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism of the artificial excitation of nerve and muscle fibers has become known only in the last few years. Although many textbooks are concerned with the natural excitation process there is a lack of information on the influence of an applied electrical or magnetic field. This book, written for students and biomedical engineers, should close the gap and, furthermore, it should stimulate the design of new instrumentation using optimal strategies.

Spis treści

1. Functional Electrical Nerve Stimulation — A Way to Restore Lost Functions.- 2. Functional Design of the Nervous System.- 3. The Excitability of Cells.- 4. The Space Clamp Experiment of Hodgkin and Huxley — Non-Propagating Action Potentials.- 5. Modeling the Membrane.- 6. Propagation of the Spike.- 7. Extracellular Stimulation of Fibers.- 8. Current-Distance Relations for Monopolar Electrodes and for Ring Electrodes.- 9. Repetitive Firing and Fiber Reactions to Periodic Stimuli.- 10. Control of the Neuromuscular System.- 11. Case Studies: Nerve Cuff Electrodes, Stimulation by Magnetic Fields.- 12. Electrostimulation of the Auditory Nerve — Cochlear Implants.- References.- Author Index.