Ecology Revisited: Reflecting on Concepts, Advancing Science

ISBN-13: 9789048197439 / Angielski / Twarda / 2011 / 444 str.

Astrid Schwarz; Kurt Jax

Opis

As concerns about humankind's relationship with the environment move inexorably up the agenda, this volume tells the story of the history of the concept of ecology itself and adds much to the historical and philosophical debate over this multifaceted discipline. The text provides readers with an overview of the theoretical, institutional and historical formation of ecological knowledge. The varied local conditions of early ecology are considered in detail, while epistemological problems that lie on the borders of ecology, such as disunity and complexity, are discussed. The book traces the various phases of the history of the concept of ecology itself, from its 19th century origins and antecedents, through the emergence of the environmental movement in the later 20th century, to the future, and how ecology might be located in the environmental science framework of the 21st century. The study of 'ecological' phenomena has never been confined solely to the work of researchers who consider themselves ecologists. It is rather a field of knowledge in which a plurality of practices, concepts and theories are developed. Thus, there exist numerous disciplinary subdivisions and research programmes within the field, the boundaries of which remain blurred. As a consequence, the deliberation to adequately identify the ecological field of knowledge, its epistemic and institutional setting, is still going on. This will be of central importance not only in locating ecology in the frame of 21st century environmental sciences but also for a better understanding of how nature and culture are intertwined in debates about pressing problems, such as climate change, the protection of species diversity, or the management of renewable resources.

Spis treści

Part I: Design of the Handbook of Ecological Concepts

 

1. Why Write a Handbook of Ecological Concepts?

     A. Schwarz, K. Jax

 

 2. Structure of the Handbook

     K. Jax, A. Schwarz

 

 3. History of Concepts for Ecology

     A. Schwarz

 

Part II: The Foundations of Ecology: Philosophical and Historical Perspectives

 

 4. Multifaceted Ecology Between Organicism, Emergentism and Reductionism

     D. Bergandi

 

 5. The Classical Holism-Reductionism Debate in Ecology

     L. Trepl, A. Voigt

 

Part III: About the Inner Structure of Ecology – Some Theses

 

6. Conceptualizing the Heterogeneity, Embeddedness, and Ongoing Restructuring That Make Ecological Complexity               ‘Unruly’.  

     P. Taylor

 

7. A Few Theses Regarding the Inner Structure of Ecology.

    G. Wiegleb

 

8. Dynamics in the Formation of Ecological Knowledge.

    A. Schwarz

 

Part IV: Main Phases of the History of the Concept “Ecology”

 

9. Etymology and Original Sources of the Term “Ecology”

    A. Schwarz, K. Jax

 

10. The Early Period of Word and Concept Formation

      K. Jax, A. Schwarz

 

11. Competing Terms

      K. Jax, A. Schwarz

 

12. Stabilizing a Concept

      K. Jax

 

13. Formation of Scientific Societies

      K. Jax

 

14. The Fundamental Subdivisions of Ecology

      K. Jax, A. Schwarz

 

Part V: “Ecology”, Society and the Systems View in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Century

 

15. The Rise of Systems Theory in Ecology

      A. Voigt

 

16. Ecology and the Environmental Movement

      A. Jamison

 

17. Ecology and Biodiversity at the Beginning of the Twenty-first Century: Towards a New Paradigm?

      P. Blandin

 

18. An Ecosystem View into the Twenty-first Century

      W. Haber

 

Part VI: Local Conditions of Early Ecology

 

19. Early Ecology in the German-Speaking World Through WWII.

      A. Schwarz, K. Jax

 

20. The History of Early British and US-American Ecology to 1950

      R. McIntosh

 

21. The French Tradition in Ecology: 1820–1950

      P. Matagne

 

22. Early History of Ecology in Spain, 1868–1936

      S. Casado

 

23. Plant Community, Plantesamfund

      P. Anker

 

24. Looking at Russian Ecology through the Biosphere Theory

      G.S. Levit

 

Part VII: Border Zones of Scientific Ecology and Other Fields

 

25. Geography as Ecology

      G. Hard

 

26. Border Zones of Ecology and the Applied Sciences

      Y. Haila

 

27. Border Zones of Ecology and Systems Theory

      E. Becker, B. Breckling

 

28. Economy, Ecology and Sustainability

      J.M. Gowdy

 

Picture Credits

Glossary

Author Biography

Author Index
Subject Index