Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis

ISBN-13: 9783642060878 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 672 str.

Osamu Suzuki; Kanako Watanabe

Opis

It was with great pleasure that I accepted the invitation to write the foreword for Drugs and Poisons in Humans. A Handbook of Practical Analysis. Dr. Osamu Suzuki and Dr. Mikio Yashiki, two outstanding Japanese scientists, f rst published the Handbook in Japanese in 2002. Specialists throughout Japan contributed analytical methods for a wide variety of therapeutic and illicit drugs, pesticides, and natural toxins and alkaloids. In fact, rarely has such a wide spectrum of analytes and metabolites been addressed within a single reference manual. At the beginning of the book, general topics are addressed, including instructions on h- dling biological materials, measurement of drugs in alternative specimens, and guidance on resolving analytical problems that may occur. T ere are discussions of extraction modalities and detection methodologies and how to select these appropriately based on the physioche- cal characteristics of the drug. Analysis of specif c classes of drugs and relevant metabolites are covered in subsequent chapters. Clinical, analytical and forensic toxicology and clinical ch- istry laboratories will f nd the volume informative and useful. Toxicologists are of en faced with developing methods for new drugs and metabolites with little information available in the literature. T is book provides a great starting point for method development providing pro- dures that have been utilized in real life situations. In addition, toxicologists developing new methodologies may use this volume as a guide to selecting the most appropriate instrumen- tion to handle the breadth of their analytical workload.

Spis treści

Chapters of general nature 1) How to handle biological specimens 2) Alternative specimens 3) Pitfalls and cautions in analysis of drugs and poisons 4) Pretreatments of human specimens 5) Detection methods 6) A computer system for diagnosis of causative drugs and poisons developed by the Japan Poison Information Center (Tokyo) 7) Practical use of the poison-net developed by the Japan Poison Information Network (Hiroshima) 8) Problems in toxin analysis in emergency medicine 9) Analyses of chemical weapons and their related compounds Chapters on specific toxins 1. Volatile compounds 1) Carbon monoxide 2) Hydrogen sulfide and its metabolites 3) Cyanide 4) Methanol and formic acid 5) Ethanol 6) Chloroform and dichloromethane 7) Toluene, benzene, xylene and stylene 8) Alkyl nitrites 9) Compenents of gasoline and kerosene 2. Controlled drugs 1) Amphetamines and their metabolites 2) Cannabinoids and their metabolites 3) Morphine and its analogues 4) Cocaine and its metabolites 5) Pentazocine 6) Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) 7) 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamines 8) Phencyclidine 9) ?- Hydroxybutyric acid 3. Psychopharmaceuticals and hypnotics 1) Phenothiazines 2) Butyrophenones 3) Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants 4) Benzodiazepines 5) Bromisovalum 6) Barbiturates 4. General drugs 1) Diphenylmethane antihistaminics 2) Propionic acid derivative analgesic-antipyretics 3) Acetaminophen (paracetamol) 4) Acetylsalicylic acid 5) Antiepileptics 6) Muscle relaxants 7) ß- Blockers 8) Local anaesthetics 9) Salicylicacid 10) ß- Lactam antibiotics 5. Chemicals of daily necessaries 1) Hypochlorite 2) Benzalkonium chlorides 3) Hair dyes 4) Permethrin 5) Boric acid 6) Naphthalene 7) p-Dichlorobenzene 8) Ethylene glycol 6. Natural toxins and alkaloids 1) Aconite toxins 2) Mushroom toxins 3) Tetrodotoxin 4) Methylxanthine derivatives 5) Nicotine and cotinine 6) Tropane alkaloids 7) Oleander toxins 7. Pesticides 1) Simultaneous analysis of pesticides by GC/MS 2) Organophosphorus pesticides 3) Glufosinate and glyphosate 4) Carbamate pesticides 5) Paraquat and diquat 6) Cresol 7) Diazine and triazine herbicides 8) Coumarin rodenticides 8. Miscellaneous 1) Sarin and its decomposition products 2) VX and its decomposition products 3) Sodium azide 4) Arsenic compounds and other inorganic poisons 5) Nitrate and nitrite compounds 6) Methemoglobin