Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants: Proceedings of a European Conference Held in Luxembourg, 22-24 May 1984

ISBN-13: 9789401089838 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 462 str.

K. H. Schaller; B. Huber

Opis

The European Community's programme on the decommissioning of nuclear ~wer plants has the prime objective of developing effective techniques and procedures for ensuring the protection of nan and his envirornnent aginst the potential hazards of nuclear ~wer plants that have been finally shut down. The Carrnission of the European Ccrrmunities organized this interna- tional conference to present results achieved during the past five years of the prograrme. It also provided an opportunity for discussions anongst experts fran Merriber States of the European Catmuni ty and participating SCl.en- tists fran outside the Ccrrmunity, on the issues and options for future research. The conference was limited to invited papers, presented by scien- tists involved in European Ccmnunity contract studies. The topics covered by the conference and in the proceedings are : characterization of the radioactivity associated with nuclear ~wer plants that have been finally shut dawn; implications of maintaining shut-down nuclear ~wer plants for long periods before disnantling; decontamination of metal and concrete surfaces for decommissioning purposes; dismantling of nuclear ~r plant cam~nents and structures; conditioning and packaging of the radioactive waste arising fran the dismantling; systems for remotely controlled decommissioning operations; aspects related to the classification of solid decommissioning waste, namely measurement of very low-level radioactivity and eValuation of radiological consequences; nuclear power plant design features facilitating decommissioning; experience with industrial-scale decommissioning operation. The proceedings also report the discussions on the papers as well as the results of two technical panels and of the concluding panel.

Spis treści

Opening Session.- by the Session Chairman.- Welcoming address.- Opening speech: The Commission’s research action programme on the development of nuclear fission energy.- Decommissioning of nuclear powsr stations in Community countries — Carried out and projected.- The European Community’s programme of research on the decommissioning of nuclear power plants: objectives, scope and implementation.- Factors to be considered in selecting a decommissioning strategy.- Sumary of discussion.- Session I - Radioactivity Inventories and Waste Arising.- by the Session Chairman.- Activation of biological shields.- Activation of steel components.- Estimation of radioactive waste quantities arising during decommissioning.- Methodology for evaluating radiological consequences of the management of very low-level solid waste.- Some examples of release of materials and sites, including measurement techniques.- Summary of discussion.- Session II — Decontamination for Decommissioning Purposes.- by the Session Chairman.- Composition of contamination layers.- Chemical and electrochemical decontamination.- Decontamination of concrete, with particular reference to flame scarfing.- Specific decontamination methods: water lance, erosion by cavitation, application of gel-based decontaminants.- Factors to be considered in deciding Whether to decontaminate for unrestricted release.- Particular aspects of post-accident plant decontamination.- Summary of discussion.- Session III — Dismaniling Techniques and Remote Operation.- by the session chairman.- Dismantling techniques for steel components.- Advanced cutting techniques: Laser and fissuration cutting 1. Fissuration cutting.- 2. Laser beam cutting.- Demolition of concrete structures.- Remote operation in decommissioning.- Summary of discussion.- Technical panel:Benote operation in decommissioning.- - Contributions by the PanelMembers.- - Summary of discussion.- Session IV — Managment of Edecommissioning Waste.- by the Session Chairman.- Immobilization of contamination on metals and concrete.- Treatment of metal waste by melting.- Management and disposal of graphite waste.- Large transport containers for decommissioning waste.- Summary of discussion.- Technical Panel: Requirements and possibilities for the disposal of decommissioning waste in the Community Countries.- - Contributions by the Panel Members.- - Summary of discussion.- Session V - Design Features Facilitating Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants.- by the Session Chairman.- Concepts aimed at minimizing the activation and contamination of concrete.- Reduction of exposure to radiation by substitution of Co alloys and reduction of the concentrations of Co, Nb and other companion elements in steel.- Review of plant design features facilitating decommissioning.- Summary of discussion.- Concluding Panel: Decommissioning of nuclear installations — an outlook.- - Contributions of the Panel Members.- - Summary of discussion.- List of Participants.- Index of Authors.