Current Interruption Transients Calculation

ISBN-13: 9781119547211 / Angielski / Twarda / 2020 / 296 str.

David F. Peelo

Spis treści

Preface to the Second Edition ixPreface to First Edition xi1 Introduction 11.1 Background 11.2 Short-Circuit Rating Basis for High-Voltage Circuit Breakers 21.3 Current Interruption Terminology 4Further Reading 72 RLC Circuits 92.1 General 92.2 Series RLC Circuit with Step Voltage Injection 92.3 Source-Free Series RLC Circuit with Precharged Capacitor 152.4 Source-Free Parallel RLC Circuit with Precharged Capacitor 182.5 Parallel RLC Circuit with Ramp Current Injection 212.6 Alternative Equations 272.7 Traveling Wave Basics 282.8 Summary 34References 34Further Reading 343 Pole Factor Calculation 353.1 General 353.2 Pole Factors: Effectively Earthed Systems 443.3 Pole Factors: Non-Effectively Earthed Systems 523.4 Alternative Pole Factor Calculation Method 563.5 Three-Phase Test Circuit Arrangement 593.6 Summary 60Further Reading 614 Terminal Faults 634.1 General Considerations 634.2 Standard TRV Derivation 654.3 Effect of Added Capacitance 734.4 Effect of Added Resistance 854.5 Effect of Series Reactors 884.6 Out-of-Phase Switching 964.7 Asymmetrical Currents 974.8 Double Earth Faults 1054.9 Summary 108Further Reading 1095 Short Line Faults 1115.1 General 1115.2 Line Side Voltage Calculation 1115.3 Effect of Added Capacitance 1195.4 Discussion 122Further Reading 1236 Inductive Load Switching 1256.1 General 1256.2 General Shunt Reactor Switching Case 1286.3 Shunt Reactors with Isolated Neutrals 1356.4 Shunt Reactors with Neutral Reactor Earthed Neutrals 1396.5 Shunt Reactors with Earthed Neutrals 1406.6 Reignitions 1416.7 Unloaded Transformer Switching 1426.8 Discussion 1436.9 Summary 143Further Reading 1467 Capacitive Load Switching 1477.1 General 1477.2 Shunt Capacitor Banks 1477.2.1 Energization 1477.2.1.1 Inrush Current 1487.2.1.2 Limiting Inrush Current 1547.2.2 De-Energization 1567.2.2.1 General Considerations 1567.2.2.2 Recovery Voltages 1567.2.2.3 Reignitions and Restrikes 1577.2.3 Outrush 1637.3 Transmission Lines 1647.4 Cables 1677.5 Special Case: Interrupting Small Capacitance Currents 1707.6 Summary 173References 174Further Reading 1748 Circuit Breaker Type Testing 1758.1 Introduction 1758.2 Circuit Breaker Interrupting Time 1758.3 Inherent Transient Recovery Voltages 1828.4 Inductive Load Switching 1828.5 Capacitive Current Switching 183Further Reading 183Appendix A: Differential Equations 185Appendix B: Principle of Duality 195Appendix C: Useful Formulae 201Appendix D: Euler's Formula 205Appendix E: Asymmetrical Current-Calculating Areas Under Curves 209Appendix F: Shunt Reactor Switching - First-Pole-to-Clear Circuit Representation 213Appendix G: Special Case: Generator Circuit Breakers TRVs 219Appendix H: Evolution of Transient Recovery Voltages 239Appendix I: Equation Plotting Using Excel 261Index 277

O autorze

DAVID F. PEELO is a former Specialist Engineer at BC Hydro and is now an Independent Consultant who teaches advanced courses on surge arrester application, switchgear application and switching in high voltage networks to clients all over the world. He is an IEEE PES Distinguished Lecturer, a CIGRE Distinguished Member and an IEC 1906 Award recipient.