Convective and Advective Heat Transfer in Geological Systems

ISBN-13: 9783540795100 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 230 str.

Chongbin Zhao; Bruce E. Hobbs; Alison Ord

Opis

The study of heat transfer mechanisms in hydrothermal systems is important for understanding the basic physics behind orebody formation and mineralization in the upper crust (Bickle and Mckenzie 1987; Bjorlykke et al. 1988; Brady 1988; England and Thompson 1989; Hoisch 1991; Connolly 1997). Generally, heat energy may be transferred within the crust in the following forms: conduction, advection (including forced convection) where the heat is carried by a moving mass of rock during def- mation or by a moving uid, convection (i. e., free convection, natural convection, buoyancy driven convection, temperature gradient driven convection) and a com- nation of these processes. Since advective ow is usually generated by a pore- uid pressure gradient, heat transfer due to advective ow is largely dependent on the pore- uid pressure gradient distribution in hydrothermal systems. A typical ex- ple of this advective ow is the upward through ow caused by lithostatic pore- uid pressure gradients within the lower crust. Extensive studies (Connolly and Ko 1995; Etheridge et al. 1983; England et al. 1987; Fyfe et al. 1978; Walther and Orville 1982; Peacock 1989; Yardley and Bottrell 1992; Hanson 1992; Yardley and Lloyd 1995; Norton and Knapp 1970) have shown that lithostatic pore- uid pressure can be built up by metamorphic uids arising from devolatilization and dehydration - actions, if the permeability is low enough to control uid ow in the lower crust.

Spis treści

Distribution of Pore-Fluid Pressure Gradient in the Crust with Temperature Neglected.- Pore-Fluid Pressure Gradients in the Crust with Heat Conduction and Advection.- Convective Heat Transfer in a Homogeneous Crust.- Convective Heat Transfer in a Heterogeneous Crust.- Pore-Fluid Focusing within Two-Dimensional Faults and Cracks of Crustal Scales with No Temperature Effects: Solutions Expressed in a Local Coordinate System.- Pore-Fluid Focusing within Two-Dimensional Faults and Cracks of Crustal Scales with No Temperature Effects: Solutions Expressed in a Global Coordinate System.- Pore-Fluid Flow Focused Transient Heat Transfer within and around Two-Dimensional Faults and Cracks of Crustal Scales.- Convective Heat Transfer within Three-Dimensional Vertical Faults Heated from Below.- Convective Heat Transfer within Three-Dimensional Inclined Faults Heated from Below.- Double-Diffusion Driven Convective Heat Transfer within Three-Dimensional Vertical Faults Heated from Below.- Convection Induced Ore Body Formation and Mineralization within the Upper Crust of the Earth.

O autorze

Dr Chongbin Zhao obtained BE and PhD in Tsinghua University, China. He worked as Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Research Fellow, Senior Project Scientist, and Senior Research Scientist in Australia. He also worked as Professor, Cheung Kong Scholar, and Chair Professor in China. He is an author of more than 130 papers in peer-refereed international journals.

Dr Bruce Hobbs obtained a BSc and PhD from Sydney University and has held academic positions at The University of California at Los Angeles and Davis, The Australian National University, Monash University and The State University of NY at Albany. He has held senior positions in the Australian Commonwealth Research and Industrial Organization. He is author of over 140 papers in peer-refereed international journals.

Dr Alison Ord obtained a BSc from the University of Edinburgh and a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles. She undertook research at Monash University before joining the Australian Commonwealth Research and Industrial Organization where she is presently a Chief Research Scientist. She is author of over 50 papers in peer-refereed international journals.

Blurb

This monograph aims to provide state-of-the-art theoretical results in a systematic treatment of convective and advective heat transfer during fluid flow in geological systems at the crustal scale. Although some numerical results are provided to complement theoretical ones, the main focus of this monograph is on theoretical aspects of the topic. The theoretical treatment contained in this monograph is also applicable to a wide range of problems of other length-scales such as engineering length-scales. To broaden the readership of this monograph, common mathematical notations are used to derive the theoretical solutions. This enables this monograph to be used either as a useful textbook for postgraduate students or as a valuable reference book for mathematicians, engineers and geoscientists.