Control of Biofilm Infections by Signal Manipulation

ISBN-13: 9783642093098 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 175 str.

J.W. Costerton;Naomi Balaban

Opis

In the well-watered groves of academe, most of us are content to gather worshipful students and technicians in a shady nook to contemplate the eternal verities and to plan extravagant feasts to celebrate our contributions to knowledge and to the gradual improvement of the human condition. As one convocation follows another, and as our funding agencies pump billions of dollars into incremental research that ?lls every possible pigeon-hole in which a gene makes a protein, a small number of intellectual athletes seize a pivotal concept and plunge into the real world. It is this small band of nimble and impossibly brave intellectual halfbackswho win gamesin the real world, and this book is the result of the drive and intellectual athleticism of its editor and several of her contributors. Bacteria affect humans more than any other life forms with which we share the blue planet, but our understandingof these invisible companionshas developed in a staggering pattern, crippled by our panic and consequent shifts of emphasis. When our race was threatened by epidemic diseases, we visualized bacteria as swarms of potentially lethal planktoniccells from which we must remain isolated by sanitation and which we had to kill by immunization and chemical antibacterial compounds. By the time this overriding threat had been obviated, we began to examine na- ral and pathogenic ecosystems by direct methods, and we were surprised to ?nd that planktonic bacteria are comparatively rare and that most prokaryotes grow in matrix-enclosedbio?lms."

Spis treści

Bacterial Cell-to-cell Communication (Quorum Sensing).- Detection In Vitro of Quorum-Sensing Molecules and Their Inhibitors.- Quorum-Sensing Inhibitory Compounds.- Mathematical Modeling of Quorum-Sensing Control in Biofilms.- Animal Models Commonly Used to Study Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors.- In Vivo Studies: Inhibiting Biofilm-Associated Bacterial Infections Using QSIs.- Quorum Sensing in Streptococci.- Ironing Out the Biofilm Problem:The Role of Iron in Biofilm Formation.- Clinical Wound Healing Using Signal Inhibitors.

Blurb

The medical miracle of antibiotics is being eroded by the emergence and spread of bacterial drug resistance. This is compounded by the fact that bacterial biofilms are believed to be a common cause of persistent infections, when because growing in biofilms, bacteria are protected from the host’s immune response and from antibiotics. In addition, biofilms may spawn systemic infections by sloughing of planktonic bacteria, leading to dissemination, bacteremia, sepsis, and death. The number of patients affected by and dying from what can be considered as a "biofilm disease" is higher than heart disease and cancer combined, making medical biofilms the biggest single disease that the healthcare system is facing today.
This book describes the molecular mechanisms of cell-to-cell communication among bacterial cells in a biofilm, the development of antibiofilm inhibitors, like quorum-sensing inhibitors, and the use of biofilm inhibitors to prevent and treat bacterial infections in humans and other animals.