Collective Intelligence in Computer-Based Collaboration

ISBN-13: 9780805813203 / Angielski / Miękka / 1994 / 264 str.

John B. Smith;Smith; John B. Smith

Opis

Proposing a new paradigm for Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), this ground-breaking book presents a research agenda for developing and testing that paradigm. It constitutes the first attempt to outline a comprehensive model of collaboration that integrates the cognitive/conceptual and social dynamics of groups.
The challenge faced by all groups engaged in intellectual work is, on the one hand, to divide the task so that efforts of individual members may proceed in parallel and, on the other hand, to synthesize their separate contributions to form a coherent whole. Addressing this challenge, Smith examines the general form of a theory of computer-based collaboration that extends across different tasks and working situations. He uses the work of Newell, Simon, and Anderson as a base from which to consider a group as a form of distributed information processing system. Within groups, there are constructs analogous to human long-term and short-term memory, conceptual processes, and problem solving and knowledge-construction strategies. He discusses two metacognitive issues -- awareness and control -- as they occur in collaborative behavior. And he reviews a number of advanced computer systems that support collaboration, focusing on their impact on the thinking and behavior of groups.
Smith's theoretical framework combines elements of Information Processing System theory -- and its detailed process models of cognitive behavior -- with the situated perspective of activity theory. The book suggests new and useful ways of conceiving problems and solutions to all those interested in the ways in which people interact with each other and with computers to achieve goals.

Recenzje

"Smith comprehensively examines an idea called collective intelligence (CI) in the overall process of knowledge construction. The purpose of this book is to explore this idea, with an effort to build a framework for research and theory, as well as to point out real-world applications and potential pitfalls. This purpose is fulfilled....The best features of this book are its organizational fluency and easily understandable writing style....it stimulates the reader to follow further developments on the subject."
—Computing Reviews

Spis treści

Contents: Preface. Introduction. Part I: Foundation Concepts. Collaboration as an Information Processing Activity. Computer Support for Collaboration. Cognitive Models and Architectures. Part II: Building a Concept of Collective Intelligence. Collective Memory. Collective Processing. Collective Strategy. Collective Awareness and Control. Conclusion.

O autorze

John B. Smith