Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis

ISBN-13: 9780896036390 / Angielski / Twarda / 1999 / 212 str.

Stephen M. Palfrey

Opis

The term "electrophoresis" was first used by Michaelis in 1909, to - scribe the migration of colloids in an electric field. The first practical elect- phoresis method was described by Tiselius in 1937. He used a U-tube filled with buffer layered on top of sample; migration could be monitored using Schlieren optics. In zone electrophoresis, the U-tube was replaced by paper, a support material employed simply to prevent or minimize diffusion of ions, so that ions applied in a narrow strip to the paper will separate and remain as relatively discrete zones. Paper was superceded by a variety of other media, - cluding cellulose acetate, hydrolyzed starch (starch gel), agarose, and polyacry- mide. The latter, in addition to being a support medium, has size-sieving properties. From the basic zone electrophoresis, other means of separation have been dev- oped. These include, isoelectric focusing, isotachophoresis, density gradient el- trophoresis, and various forms of immunoelectrophoresis. In some ways Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) has gone full circle back to the original method of Tiselius. In its simplest form, separations occur in a buffer solution within a glass (fused silica) tube and detection occurs as sample moves past an optical window. CE has rapidly developed into a technique that rivals HPLC in its versatility. All the classical electrophoretic separations-zone, IEF, and isotachophoresis-have their counterparts in CE. Excitingly so, and - thoritatively treated in Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis.

Recenzje

"...This is a very practical handbook for clinical chemists since it covers applications of CE in most 0 prominent areas of this field...In this book the separation conditions are usually clearly described throughout the text...The book is a well written and easy to use source of practical assays for clinical chemists..."-Chromatographia

"The content is very wide ranging. There are chapters on protein determinations in different biological fluids, different aspects of DNA analysis as well as enzyme assays and determination of exogenous species such as drugs of abuse. Each chapter provides a summary of different methodology that has been used and places CE in this context....the book contains a wealth of information and should be very useful as a reference for scientists in the clinical laboratory who wish to evaluate CE as an alternative to existing analytical methods." -Elsevier

"...not only is the first of its kind, but also is the first book dedicated solely to clinical analysis by CE." - Clinical Chemistry

"This issue of Methods in Molecular Medicine is an interesting, well-edited volume about the clinical application of capillary electrophoresis, which aims to give encouragement and guidance to laboratory practitioners new to CE and to demonstrate that the wide range of assays now available means that it is a technique that has something to offer every clinical laboratory."Haematologia

"...In marked contrast to conventional electrophoresis, on which there are relatively few books,...for those clinical chemistry laboratories starting t o use CE, this will be a useful book bringing together much information into one easily used volume to keep by the instrument and from which to gain useful instruction."- Annals of Clinical Biochemistry

Spis treści

Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis, Margaret A. Jenkins. Serum Protein Electrophoresis, Margaret A. Jenkins. Urine Proteins, Margaret A. Jenkins. Electrophoresis of Cerebrospinal Fluid, Geoffrey Cowdrey, Maria Firth, and Gary Firth. Immunosubtraction as a Means of Typing Monoclonal and Other Proteins in Serum and Urine, Stephen M. Palfrey. Analysis and Classification of Serum Cryoglobulins, Zak K. Shihabi. Myoglobin Analysis, Zak K. Shihabi. Enzyme Analysis: Cathepsin D as an Example, Zak K. Shihabi. Quantification of Human Cytomegalovirus by Competitive PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis, Zhongxin Yu, W. Douglas Scheer, and James M. Hempe. Laboratory Diagnosis of Structural Hemoglobinopathies and Thalassemias by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing, James M. Hempe and Randall D. Craver. Serum Apolipoproteins, Layle K. Watkins, Steven L. Cockrill, and Ronald D. Macfarlane. Gene Dosage in Capillary Electrophoresis: Prenatal Diagnosis of Down's Syndrome and Rh D/d Genotyping, Pier Giorgio Righetti, Cecilia Gelfi, and Gian Franco Cossu. Rapid Analysis of Amplified Double-Stranded DNA by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection, Ming-Sun Liu and Fu-Tai Albert Chen. Identification of Mutated p53 in Cancers by Nongel-Sieving Capillary Electrophoretic SSCP Analysis, Michiei Oto. Detection of Microsatellite Instability in Cancers by Means of Nongel-Sieving Capillary Electrophoresis, Michiei Oto. Serum Lamotrigine Analysis, Zak K. Shihabi. Acetonitrile Stacking: Serum Phenobarbital as an Example, Zak K. Shihabi. Confirmation of the Presence of Drugs of Abuse in Urine, Stephen M. Palfrey. Steroid Analysis by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography, Amin A. Mohammed, John R. Petersen, and Michael G. Bissell. Determination of Polyamines by Capillary Electrophoresis, Yinfa Ma, Qingnan Yu, and Bingcheng Lin. Urinary Oxalate and Citrate, Ross P. Holmes and Martha Kennedy. Plasma Nitrite and Nitrate Determination, Toshiko Ueda, TsuyoshiMaekawa, and Kazuyuki Nakamura. Index.

Blurb

In Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis, Stephen Palfrey brings together for first time a collection of detailed capillary electrophoresis protocols designed exclusively for clinical applications. Written by the leading scientists who have often perfected these methods in their own laboratories, the protocols furnish new and more powerful assays for many routine serum and blood tests now regularly performed in clinical laboratories, including urine protein analysis, hemoglobin separation, and the detection of CSF proteins, lipoproteins, myoglobin, cryoglobulins, HbA1c, and cathepsin. The protocols offered for DNA studies include double-stranded DNA analysis, the prenatal diagnosis of Down's syndrome, Rh D/d genotyping, the identification of mutated p53 oncogene, and the detection of microsatellite instability in cancers. Many of the methods can be automated to replace the more costly and labor-intensive tests that are currently used in most clinical laboratories.
Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis demonstrates clearly the simplicity, versatility, and power of CE over conventional methods. It offers to beginning clinical investigators, as well as established laboratories new to the technique, a representative range of highly practical CE methods-assays that are not only certain to become ever more productive, but are already eminently useful today.