Chemistry of Precious Metals

ISBN-13: 9789401071543 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 376 str.

S. a. Cotton

Opis

Some 20 years ago, I was privileged to share in writing a book on the descriptive chemistry of the 4d, 5d, 4f and 5f metals that included these eight elements within its compass (S.A. Cotton and F.A. Hart, The Heavy Transition Elements, Macmillan, 1975). This volume shares the same aim of covering the descriptive chemistry of silver, gold and the six platinum metals in some detail at a level suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate study. It does not attempt to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemistry of these metals. It attempts to fill a slot between the general text and the in-depth review or monograph. The organometallic chemistry is confined to a-bonded com pounds in normal oxidation states; compounds with IT-bonding ligands are generally excluded. Their inclusion would have increased the length of the book considerably and, moreover, their recent chemistry has been extensively and expertly reviewed in the new Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry, II, eds G. Wilkinson, F.G.A. Stone and E.W. Abel, Pergamon, Oxford, 1995."

Spis treści

1 Ruthenium and osmium.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 The elements and uses.- 1.2.1 Extraction.- 1.3 Halides.- 1.3.1 Ruthenium halides.- 1.3.2 Osmium halides.- 1.3.3 Oxyhalides.- 1.3.4 Halide complexes.- 1.3.5 ‘Ruthenium blues’.- 1.3.6 Oxyhalide complexes.- 1.4 Oxides and related anions.- 1.4.1 Anions.- 1.5 Other binary compounds.- 1.6 Aqua ions.- 1.7 Compounds of ruthenium(0).- 1.8 Compounds of ruthenium(II) and (III).- 1.8.1 Ammine complexes.- 1.8.2 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 1.8.3 Carboxylate complexes.- 1.8.4 Sulphide and sulphoxide complexes.- 1.8.5 Nitrosyl complexes.- 1.8.6 Porphyrin complexes.- 1.8.7 EDTA complexes.- 1.8.8 Other complexes of ruthenium.- 1.9 Complexes of ruthenium(IV).- 1.10 Complexes of osmium(0).- 1.11 Osmium complexes in oxidation states (II–IV).- 1.11.1 Ammine complexes.- 1.11.2 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 1.11.3 Carboxylate complexes.- 1.11.4 Nitrosyl complexes.- 1.11.5 Other osmium complexes.- 1.12 Compounds in high oxidation states.- 1.12.1 Compounds of the MO22+ groups.- 1.12.2 Nitride complexes.- 1.12.3 Imides.- 1.13 Simple alkyls and aryls.- 2 Rhodium and iridium.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 The elements and uses 78 2.2.1 Extraction.- 2.3 Halides and halide complexes.- 2.3.1 Rhodium halides.- 2.3.2 Iridium halides.- 2.3.3 Halometallates.- 2.4 Oxides, hydrides and other binary compounds.- 2.5 Aqua ions and simple salts.- 2.6 Compounds of rhodium(0).- 2.7 Compounds of rhodium(I).- 2.7.1 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 2.7.2 Carbonyl complexes.- 2.7.3 Alkene complexes.- 2.7.4 Isocyanide complexes.- 2.8 Rhodium(II) complexes.- 2.8.1 Phosphine complexes.- 2.8.2 Dimers.- 2.8.3 Other complexes.- 2.9 Rhodium(III) complexes.- 2.9.1 Complexes of O-donors.- 2.9.2 Complexes of ammines.- 2.9.3 Complexes of other N-donors.- 2.9.4 Complexes of S-donors.- 2.9.5 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 2.10 Iridium (I) complexes.- 2.10.1 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 2.10.2 Vaska’s compound.- 2.11 Dioxygen complexes.- 2.12 Iridium(II) complexes.- 2.13 Iridium(III) complexes.- 2.13.1 Complexes of ammines.- 2.13.2 Complexes of S-donors.- 2.13.3 Tertiary phosphine and arsine complexes.- 2.13.4 Hydride complexes.- 2.13.5 Case study of dimethylphenylphosphine complexes.- 2.14 Iridium(IV) complexes.- 2.15 Iridium(V) complexes.- 2.16 Nitrosyls of iridium and rhodium.- 2.17 Simple alkyls and aryls of iridium and rhodium.- 3 Palladium and platinum.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 The elements and uses.- 3.2.1 Extraction.- 3.3 Halides.- 3.3.1 Palladium halides.- 3.3.2 Platinum halides.- 3.3.3 Halide complexes.- 3.4 Other binary complexes.- 3.5 Aqua ions.- 3.6 Palladium(O) and platinum(O) compounds.- 3.6.1 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 3.6.2 Reactions of Pt(PPh3)n and related species.- 3.6.3 Carbonyl complexes.- 3.6.4 Carbonyl clusters.- 3.6.5 Isocyanide complexes.- 3.7 Palladium(I) and platinum(I) compounds.- 3.7.1 Phosphine complexes.- 3.7.2 Isocyanide complexes.- 3.8 Complexes of palladium(II) and platinum(II).- 3.8.1 Complexes of O-donors.- 3.8.2 Complexes of N-donors.- 3.8.3 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 3.8.4 Complexes of C-donors.- 3.8.5 Complexes of S-donors.- 3.8.6 Complexes of ambidentate ligands.- 3.8.7 Stability of cis- and tran-isomers.- 3.8.8 Five-coordinate compounds.- 3.8.9 The trans-effect.- 3.8.10 Structural evidence for trans-influence.- 3.8.11 Spectroscopic evidence for trans-influence.- 3.9 Palladium(III) and platinum(III).- 3.10 Complexes of platinum(IV).- 3.10.1 Complexes of N-donors.- 3.10.2 Tertiary phosphine complexes.- 3.10.3 Complexes of S-donors.- 3.10.4 Application of the trans-effect to synthesis of platinum(IV) complexes.- 3.10.5 The trans-influence in some platinum(IV) compounds.- 3.11 Complexes of palladium(IV).- 3.12 The ?-bonded organometallics of palladium(IV) and platinum(IV).- 3.12.1 Reductive elimination reactions.- 3.13 Anti-tumour activity of platinum complexes.- 3.14 Bond lengths in palladium and platinum analogues.- 4 Silver and gold.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 The elements and uses.- 4.2.1 Extraction.- 4.2.2 Gold plating and other methods of gold deposition.- 4.3 Halides.- 4.3.1 Silver halides.- 4.3.2 Gold halides.- 4.4 Oxides and other binary compounds.- 4.5 Aqua ions.- 4.6 Silver(I) complexes.- 4.6.1 Complexes of O-donors.- 4.6.2 Complexes of N-donors.- 4.6.3 Tertiary phosphine and arsine complexes.- 4.6.4 Complexes of halogen-donors.- 4.6.5 Complexes of C-donors.- 4.6.6 Complexes of S-donors.- 4.7 Silver(II) complexes.- 4.8 Silver(III) complexes.- 4.9 Gold(-I) complexes.- 4.10 GoId(I) complexes.- 4.10.1 Complexes of O-donors.- 4.10.2 Complexes of N-donors.- 4.10.3 Tertiary phosphine and arsine complexes.- 4.10.4 Complexes of halogen-donors.- 4.10.5 Complexes of C-donors.- 4.10.6 Complexes of S-donors.- 4.10.7 MO schemes for 2-coordinate gold(I) complexes.- 4.11 Gold(II) complexes.- 4.12 Gold(III) complexes.- 4.12.1 Complexes of halogens.- 4.12.2 Complexes of N-donors.- 4.12.3 Tertiary phosphine and arsine complexes.- 4.12.4 Other complexes.- 4.12.5 Coordination numbers and gold(III).- 4.12.6 The trans-effect and trans-influence.- 4.13 Gold(IV) complexes.- 4.14 Gold(V) complexes.- 4.15 Organometallic compounds of silver.- 4.15.1 Complexes of unsaturated hydrocarbons.- 4.16 Organometallic compounds of gold.- 4.16.1 Gold(I) complexes.- 4.16.2 Gold(III) complexes.- 4.17 Gold cluster complexes.- 4.18 Relativistic effects in gold chemistry.- 4.19 Aurophilicity.- 4.20 Silver and gold compounds in medicine.- 4.21 Mössbauer spectroscopy of gold compounds.- References.